| RM | Raw meat |
| MS | Part-specific mild steaming |
| TS | Traditional steaming |
| MP | Myofibrillar protein |
| TVB-N | Total volatile basic nitrogen |
| E-nose | Electronic nose |
| E-tongue | Electronic tongue |
| UV | Ultraviolet absorption |
| CD | Circular dichroism |
| RM | Raw meat |
| MS | Part-specific mild steaming |
| TS | Traditional steaming |
| MP | Myofibrillar protein |
| TVB-N | Total volatile basic nitrogen |
| E-nose | Electronic nose |
| E-tongue | Electronic tongue |
| UV | Ultraviolet absorption |
| CD | Circular dichroism |