FIGURE 8.

(A) Schematic representation of adsorbed purple membranes on nano-BLMs. (B) Electrical equivalent circuit representing light-activated bacteriorhodopsin adsorbed on nano-BLMs. C_m and R_m represent the capacitance and resistance of the nano-BLM, whereas C_p and R_p are the capacitance and resistance, respectively, of the purple membrane. I_p is the light-driven proton current generated by bacteriorhodopsin. Under short-circuit conditions, the voltage drop across the membrane V_m equals that across the purple membranes V_p. I is the measured current.