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. 2026 Oct 1;16:1919412. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1919412

Figure 4.

Panel A presents two triangular correlation matrices for external-cohort program correlations using datasets GSE10846 and GSE181063, with a color scale indicating Pearson r values. Panel B shows two scatterplots comparing edge-wise agreement between GSE31312 and the other two datasets, annotated with high Spearman correlation values. Panel C displays a heatmap of cross-cohort correlation profiles for fifteen program pairs across the three datasets, with values ranging from negative to positive. Panel D features a dot plot summarizing the sensitivity of edge-rank preservation through various data processing steps, with annotated Spearman correlation coefficients for each method.

External concordance with scoring and edge-exclusion sensitivities. (A–C) Historical primary 15-edge analysis: GSE10846 n=420 expression profiles, Spearman rho=0.936; GSE181063 n=1,310, rho=0.982. (D) Sensitivity analyses. The historical n=420 GSE10846 value is retained as the archived structural-concordance benchmark; newly harmonized scoring analyses use the n=414 unsorted clinical-biopsy subset. Excluding only the two shared-gene edges yielded rho=0.907; excluding the five Proliferative/cycling edges alone yielded rho=0.830; excluding both the two shared-gene edges and the five proliferation-associated edges yielded rho=0.690. Harmonized full scoring yielded rho=0.957 and 0.975; de-overlap yielded 0.946 and 0.950; common-detected-gene scoring yielded 0.950 and 0.979 for GSE10846 and GSE181063, respectively. Historical GSE10846 absolute edge differences had mean |delta r|=0.154 and maximum |delta r|=0.438; the harmonized full-program GSE10846 values were 0.195 and 0.442, respectively, so harmonization did not uniformly improve absolute agreement. Discovery edges with |r| ≤0.05 are excluded from sign-based interpretation, and sign concordance is not used as a primary cross-cohort metric. Rank preservation was substantial, while absolute differences and edge exclusions qualify cross-cohort concordance.