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. 2026 Oct 1;13:1950636. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1950636

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© 2026 Zhang, Cao, Zheng, Yang, Guan, Zheng, Yang and Zhu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Panel of medical images showing axial CT scans in panels a to g with arrows highlighting different regions, an MRI scan of the liver in panel h, a color overlay radiation therapy planning scan in panel i, and a dose-volume histogram graph in panel j. Each panel illustrates specific anatomical structures or data relevant to disease assessment and treatment planning. — Serial imaging and radiotherapy planning during the treatment course. (a) Baseline chest CT (April 28, 2025) showing the right lower lobe mass with close involvement of pulmonary vessels and bronchial structures. The red arrow indicates the first-level branch of the pulmonary artery in the lower lobe of the right lung encased by the tumor; The yellow arrow indicates the posterior segment bronchus; the blue arrow points to the breast lesion; the green arrow points to the lung lesion. (b–f) Serial CT changes during chemotherapy and radiotherapy: (b) before the first cycle of chemotherapy (May 30, 2025); (c) after two cycles of chemotherapy (July 21, 2025); (d) after completion of eight cycles of chemotherapy (November 3, 2025); (e) baseline assessment before radiotherapy (November 25, 2025); (f) post-radiotherapy reassessment (December 30, 2025). The green arrow points to the lung lesion. (g) Final follow-up CT scan (February 2, 2026). (h) Contrast-enhanced liver MRI (February 5, 2026) showing multiple hepatic lesions radiologically suspicious for metastases. (i,j) Radiotherapy field arrangement and dose distribution. DVH: Yellow: thyroid; dark blue: spinal cord; orange: right lung; light blue: left lung; brown: liver; pink: heart; pale yellow: esophagus).