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(Top) TEM images of pores at 0° tilt with apparent diameter of (a) 1.0 ± 0.2, (b) 1.9 ± 0.2, (c) 3.0 ± 0.2 nm in a 10 nm thick Si3N4 membrane, and (d) 1.8 × 2.2 nm in Si3N4 20 nm thick. (Bottom) I/V characteristics in 1 M KCl solution of the same four pores. Line fits yield slopes of 0.63 ± 0.03 nS, 1.09 ± 0.03 nS, 1.24 ± 0.03 nS, and 0.68 ± 0.03 nS for the four pores, respectively.
