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. 2026 Oct 12;14:e21780. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21780

Table 3. Path analysis results for the mediation model.

Outcome variable Predictor variable Effect size (β) 95% CI (Lower) 95% CI (Upper) p-value
Self-Concept Clarity Interoceptive Awareness 0.541 0.491 0.587 ***
Athletic Engagement Interoceptive Awareness 0.753 0.680 0.824 ***
Self-Concept Clarity 0.131 0.061 0.205 ***
Future Exercise Possible Self Interoceptive Awareness 0.329 0.186 0.469 ***
Self-Concept Clarity 0.082 0.013 0.148 *
Athletic Engagement 0.259 0.108 0.408 **
Noticing (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.767 0.734 0.799 ***
Not-Distracting (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.775 0.744 0.803 ***
Not-Worrying (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.775 0.745 0.804 ***
Attention Regulation (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.736 0.704 0.767 ***
Emotional Awareness (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.758 0.726 0.787 ***
Self-Regulation (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.747 0.712 0.779 ***
Trust (MAIA-2) Interoceptive Awareness 0.733 0.696 0.767 ***
Confidence (AEQ) Athletic Engagement 0.728 0.690 0.767 ***
Vigor (AEQ) Athletic Engagement 0.746 0.711 0.784 ***
Dedication (AEQ) Athletic Engagement 0.690 0.649 0.728 ***
Enthusiasm (AEQ) Athletic Engagement 0.711 0.668 0.749 ***

Notes.

*

p < 0.05.

**

p < 0.01.

***

p < 0.001.