Table 2.
Mean and peak coactivation index and asymmetry index (ASI) across TUG phases in older women (Mean ± SD, n = 27).
| Variable | Side | Sit-to-stand | Outbound walk | Turn | Return walk | Sit-to-sit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean QUAD-BF |
L R |
23.19 ± 13.57 | 35.85 ± 10.37 40.25 ± 15.38 |
33.40 ± 15.84 28.60 ± 17.36 |
34.77 ± 12.28 26.51 ± 13.31* |
27.99 ± 13.73 26.53 ± 16.87 |
| 37.34 ± 13.38* | ||||||
| (%) | ASI | 71.78 ± 43.35 | 39.05 ± 25.29 | 75.96 ± 54.06 | 56.03 ± 38.28 | 69.90 ± 45.32 |
| Mean | L | 42.07 ± 11.14 | 45.09 ± 7.72 | 47.29 ± 8.15 | 50.72 ± 9.86 | 46.60 ± 11.67 |
| TA-MG (%) | R ASI |
50.97 ± 9.49* | 48.24 ± 7.10 | 45.65 ± 7.87 | 49.25 ± 7.47 | 50.03 ± 12.92 |
| 28.08 ± 25.18 | 17.52 ± 13.04 | 24.46 ± 16.14 | 16.18 ± 11.82 | 28.48 ± 26.89 | ||
| Peak QUAD-BF (%) |
L | 86.74 ± 17.78 | 98.27 ± 4.08 | 88.95 ± 14.69 | 96.62 ± 7.61 | 76.32 ± 18.56 |
| R | 96.24 ± 7.04* | 98.79 ± 4.11 | 82.27 ± 24.69 | 92.64 ± 12.68 | 68.27 ± 27.70 | |
| ASI | 18.39 ± 29.98 | 2.76 ± 6.53 | 32.32 ± 41.14 | 9.96 ± 16.47 | 53.63 ± 40.91 | |
| Peak TA-MG (%) |
L | 97.86 ± 5.35 | 99.51 ± 0.99 | 98.56 ± 3.67 | 99.27 ± 2.17 | 92.51 ± 13.07 |
| R | 99.27 ± 1.00 | 99.57 ± 0.74 | 99.07 ± 0.48 | 99.66 ± 0.34 | 95.75 ± 6.21 | |
| ASI | 2.50 ± 6.23 | 0.41 ± 0.5 | 1.79 ± 4.74 | 0.80 ± 2.07 | 10.03 ± 17.93 |
QUAD, mean activation of Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, and Vastus Medialis; BF, Biceps Femoris; TA, Tibialis Anterior; MG, Medial Gastrocnemius. L, Left; R, Right; ASI, Asymmetry Index. *Indicates a significant left-right difference within the same condition (paired t-test, p< 0.05).