RNase protection analysis mapping the transcription initiation sites of the precore (PC) and pregenomic (C) transcripts from the livers of HBV transgenic mice. (A) Groups of three mice of each sex and genotype are shown. The 3′ ends of the all the HBV transcripts corresponding to the polyadenylation site (pA) of these RNAs also generated a protected fragment in this analysis. The riboprobes used included the HBVayw sequence spanning nucleotide coordinates 1990 to 1658 and the mouse ribosomal protein L32 gene riboprobe spanning 101 nucleotides of exon 3. The 3.5-kb HBV RNAs protect fragments of 283 (pA), 206 (PC), and 175 (C) nucleotides, respectively. The mouse ribosomal protein L32 RNA protects a fragment of 101 nucleotides, designated L32, when probed with the L32 probe. −, HBV transgenic mice lacking the rat HNF3β transgene; +, HBV transgenic mice hemizygous for the rat HNF3β transgene. (B) Quantitative analysis of the HBV precore/pregenomic RNA ratios in HBV transgenic mice. The mean HBV precore/pregenomic RNA ratios plus standard deviations derived from six male rat HNF3β(−) HBV transgenic mice, six male rat HNF3β(+) HBV transgenic mice, seven female rat HNF3β(−) HBV transgenic mice, and four female rat HNF3β(+) HBV transgenic mice are shown. The higher HBV precore/pregenomic RNA ratios in the rat HNF3β-expressing HBV transgenic mice are statistically significantly different from their ratios in the control rat HNF3β(−) HBV transgenic mice by Student's t test (P < 0.05).