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. 2026 Oct 5;17:1936459. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1936459

TABLE 1.

Reported structural and pharmacokinetic characteristics of hybutimibe and ezetimibe.

Characteristics Hybutimibe Ezetimibe Interpretation and evidence status References
Chemical Structure Structural diagram of a complex organic molecule featuring three aromatic rings, two fluorine atoms, two hydroxyl groups, and a highlighted hydroxyphenyl group outlined in purple; center shows a cyclic amide structure. Chemical structure diagram showing a molecule with phenyl rings, two fluorine atoms, two hydroxyl groups, and a lactam ring. A purple rectangle highlights a hydroxyl (OH) group bonded to a chiral carbon. ​ ​
Glucuronide conjugate conversion rate 98%–99% 80%–90% Higher metabolic conversion ​
Plasma protein binding 94.50% 88%–92% Difference in protein binding; clinical relevance is unknown (Ruan et al., 2014)
Time to peak concentration (Tmax) As early as 0.5 h ∼4 h Earlier reported Tmax; clinical onset has not been directly compared (Liao et al., 2021)
Urinary excretion ratio 16.39% 11% Different excretion pattern observed in separate radiolabeled studies; implications for efficacy and safety remain uncertain ​

Values were derived from separate studies and should not be interpreted as direct head-to-head comparisons. Differences in study design, dose, population, and analytical methods limit cross-study inference.