Table 1.
Univariate analysis of factors associated with hypertension in the total, male, and female populations.
| Variables | Total (n = 11,283) | Men (n = 5,641) | Women (n = 5,642) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normotensive group (n = 10,416) | Hypertension group (n = 867) | p | Normotensive group (n = 5,061) | Hypertension group (n = 580) | p | Normotensive group (n = 5,355) | Hypertension group (n = 287) | p | |
| Age, M (Q1, Q3) | 31.00 (29.00, 34.00) | 33.00 (30.00, 37.25) | <0.001 | 32.00 (29.00, 35.00) | 33.50 (31.00, 38.00) | 0.002 | 30.00 (28.00, 33.00) | 31.00 (28.00, 36.00) | 0.144 |
| Height (cm), M (Q1, Q3) | 165.00 (158.00, 170.00) | 168.00 (160.00, 172.00) | <0.001 | 170.00 (168.00, 175.00) | 170.00 (168.00, 175.00) | 0.239 | 158.00 (155.00, 162.00) | 158.00 (155.00, 162.00) | 0.988 |
| Weight (kg), M (Q1, Q3) | 60.00 (50.00, 69.00) | 70.00 (60.00, 80.00) | <0.001 | 68.00 (60.00, 75.00) | 75.00 (66.00, 84.00) | <0.001 | 51.00 (47.00, 56.00) | 56.00 (50.00, 65.00) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), M (Q1, Q3) | 21.60 (19.60, 24.10) | 24.80 (22.00, 27.70) | <0.001 | 23.20 (21.10, 25.40) | 25.60 (23.40, 28.40) | <0.001 | 20.30 (18.80, 22.20) | 22.30 (19.85, 25.65) | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L), M (Q1, Q3) | Only female testing | – | – | 4.63 (4.24, 5.03) | 4.83 (4.44, 5.29) | <0.001 | |||
| ALT (U/L), M (Q1, Q3) | 18.00 (12.00, 29.00) | 28.00 (16.50, 47.50) | <0.001 | 25.00 (17.00, 39.00) | 35.50 (22.00, 56.00) | <0.001 | 13.00 (10.00, 18.00) | 16.00 (11.00, 25.50) | <0.001 |
| Drinking alcohol, n(%) | 0.006 | 0.200 | 0.684 | ||||||
| No | 7,596 (72.93) | 595 (68.63) | 2,852 (56.35) | 343 (59.14) | 4,744 (88.59) | 252 (87.80) | |||
| Yes | 2,820 (27.07) | 272 (31.37) | 2,209 (43.65) | 237 (40.86) | 611 (11.41) | 35 (12.20) | |||
| BMI classification, n(%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Normal | 6,366 (61.12) | 337 (38.87) | 2,784 (55.01) | 176 (30.34) | 3,582 (66.89) | 161 (56.10) | |||
| Underweight | 1,316 (12.63) | 38 (4.38) | 225 (4.45) | 11 (1.90) | 1,091 (20.37) | 27 (9.41) | |||
| Overweight | 2,178 (20.91) | 289 (33.33) | 1,625 (32.11) | 231 (39.83) | 553 (10.33) | 58 (20.21) | |||
| Obesity | 556 (5.34) | 203 (23.41) | 427 (8.44) | 162 (27.93) | 129 (2.41) | 41 (14.29) | |||
| Education classification, n(%) | <0.001 | 0.727 | <0.001 | ||||||
| College or above | 8,359 (80.25) | 647 (74.63) | 3,855 (76.17) | 438 (75.52) | 4,504 (84.11) | 209 (72.82) | |||
| High school or below | 2057 (19.75) | 220 (25.37) | 1,206 (23.83) | 142 (24.48) | 851 (15.89) | 78 (27.18) | |||
| FBG, n(%) | 0.006 | ||||||||
| Normal | Only female testing | – | – | 5,115 (95.52) | 264 (91.99) | ||||
| Abnormal | – | – | 240 (4.48) | 23 (8.01) | |||||
| ALT, n(%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Normal | 9,304 (89.32) | 645 (74.39) | 4,211 (83.20) | 392 (67.59) | 5,093 (95.11) | 253 (88.15) | |||
| Abnormal | 1,112 (10.68) | 222 (25.61) | 850 (16.80) | 188 (32.41) | 262 (4.89) | 34 (11.85) | |||
Data are presented as median (Q1, Q3) for continuous variables or n/N (%) for categorical variables. For fasting blood glucose (FBG) variables, denominators reflect the female sample only (N = 5,642), as FBG was measured exclusively in women. p-values from Mann–Whitney U test or χ2 test. Z: Mann–Whitney test, χ2: Chi-square test. M: Median, Q1: 1st Quartile, Q3: 3rd Quartile. – indicates the value was not applicable; p values in bold indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).