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. 2026 Jul 22;18:509. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01899-z

Table 2.

Mean Values of the Sports Competition Rumination Scale and the Sport-Specific Achievement Motivation Scale for Professional Athletes

Sports Competition Rumination Total N Min. Max. Mean Std. Dev. Skewness Kurtosis
657 6.00 30.00 21.88 5.534 -0.982 1.024
Power-Oriented Motivation 657 21.00 60.00 44.95 5.041 -0.162 1.114
Approach Motivation 657 38.00 85.00 65.78 6.158 0.625 0.567
Motivation to Avoid Failure 657 24.00 55.00 44.83 4.158 0.202 -0.011
Sport-Specific Achievement Motivation 657 127.00 200.00 155.58 12.318 0.616 1.489