Table 3.
Reaction time across conditions and inferential tests.
| Panel A. Descriptive statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables (N) | Time | HE, M (SD) | LE, M (SD) | AC, M (SD) |
| Congruent RT (ms) (N = 26) | Pre | 461.6 (54.2) | 441.0 (39.7) | 454.2 (58.6) |
| Post | 442.0 (43.9) | 432.3 (53.1) | 473.7 (63.7) | |
| ΔRT | −19.6 (36.1) | −8.7 (30.3) | 19.5 (54.9) | |
| Incongruent RT (ms) (HE = 26; LE = 25; AC = 26) | Pre | 549.6 (77.1) | 516.8 (53.0) | 536.9 (66.6) |
| Post | 507.9 (50.2) | 491.3 (51.5) | 511.1 (73.0) | |
| ΔRT | −41.7 (50.3) | −21.6 (25.4) | −25.8 (58.1) | |
| Flanker effect (ms) (HE = 26; LE = 25; AC = 26) | Pre | 88.0 (40.4) | 75.8 (31.8) | 82.7 (28.4) |
| Post | 65.9 (34.4) | 58.5 (39.4) | 37.4 (47.5) | |
| ΔRT | −22.1 (27.9) | −12.9 (29.3) | −45.3 (47.1) | |
| One participant was excluded from the LE incongruent RT cell after trimming because no valid responses remained. RT, reaction time; ΔRT, post-test minus pre-test; HE, high cognitively demanding exercise; LE, low cognitively demanding exercise; AC, active control. | ||||
| Panel B. Inferential statistics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables (N) | Effect | F (df1, df2) | p | Pairwise comparisons | |
| RT change score (N = 25) | Condition | 2.53 (1.35, 32.41) | 0.112 | 0.10 | — |
| Congruency | 34.53 (1, 24) | <0.001 | 0.59 | Incongruent > congruent: t (24) = 5.88, p < 0.001, d = 0.60, 95% CI [0.32, 0.87] | |
| Condition × Congruency | 4.93 (1.67, 40.13) | 0.017 | 0.17 | No condition differences within congruent or incongruent (all p > 0.05) | |
| Flanker-effect change score (N = 25) | Condition | 4.93 (1.67, 40.13) | 0.017 | 0.17 | AC showed a greater reduction than LE: t (24) = −2.73, p = 0.035, d = −0.81, 95% CI [−1.64, 0.01] HE vs. LE: t (24) = 1.04, p = 0.925, d = 0.21, 95% CI [−0.31, 0.73] HE vs. AC: t (24) = −2.03, p = 0.160, d = −0.61, 95% CI [−1.40, 0.19] |
One participant was excluded from the LE incongruent RT cell after trimming because no valid responses remained. RT, reaction time; HE, high cognitively demanding exercise; LE, low cognitively demanding exercise; AC, active control.