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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2026 Oct 8;189(21):6792–6809.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.09.032

KEY RESOURCES TABLE

REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER
Antibodies
Rabbit monoclonal anti-CD68 (E3O7V) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 97778; RRID: AB_2928056
Mouse monoclonal anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin (1A4) R&D Systems Cat# MAB1420; RRID: AB_262054
Goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor Plus 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32723; RRID: AB_2633275
Goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor Plus 647 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32733; RRID: AB_2633282
Rat anti-human GIMAP6 (MAC445) Lab of Geoffrey W. Butcher, Babraham Institute Pascall et al.67
Rat anti-mouse GIMAP6 (MAC431) Lab of Geoffrey W. Butcher, Babraham Institute Pascall et al.13
Rat anti-mouse GIMAP6 (MAC432) Lab of Geoffrey W. Butcher, Babraham Institute Pascall et al.13
Rat anti-mouse GIMAP6 (MAC434) Lab of Geoffrey W. Butcher, Babraham Institute Pascall et al.13
Mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG M2 Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F3165; RRID: AB_259529
Rabbit polyclonal anti-PPARgamma Proteintech Cat# 16643-1-AP; RRID: AB_10596794
Rabbit monoclonal anti-CD36 (D8L9T) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 14347; RRID: AB_2798458
Rabbit monoclonal anti-CD36 (E8B7S) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 28109; RRID: AB_3675401
Rat monoclonal anti-beta-actin (W16197A) BioLegend Cat# 664802; RRID: AB_2721349
Mouse monoclonal anti-HSP90alpha/beta (3H3C27) BioLegend Cat# 675402; RRID: AB_2565512
Rabbit anti-IL-6 Proteintech Cat# 26404-1-AP; RRID: AB_3085866
Rabbit anti-MCP-1 Proteintech Cat# 26161-1-AP; RRID: AB_2918100
FITC anti-human CD36 BioLegend Cat# 336204; RRID: AB_1575025
PE anti-mouse CD36 BioLegend Cat# 102605; RRID: AB_389348
PE anti-human CD36 BioLegend Cat# 336206; RRID: AB_2072513
FITC anti-human CD14 BioLegend Cat# 325604; RRID: AB_830677
Brilliant Violet 510(TM) anti-human CD16 BioLegend Cat# 302048; RRID: AB_2562085
Brilliant Violet 421(TM) anti-mouse CD31 BioLegend Cat# 102424; RRID: AB_2650892
OLR1 antibody Proteintech Cat# 11837-1-AP; RRID: AB_2299037
MSR1 antibody Proteintech Cat# 17858-1-AP; RRID: AB_2878455
Goat polyclonal anti-rat Ig-HRP SouthernBiotech Cat# 3010-05; RRID: AB_2795801
Goat polyclonal anti-rabbit Ig-HRP SouthernBiotech Cat# 4050-05; RRID: AB_2795955
Goat polyclonal anti-mouse Ig-HRP SouthernBiotech Cat# 1010-05; RRID: AB_2728714
PowerVision Poly-HRP anti-Rabbit IHC Detection Systems Leica biosystems Cat# PV6119; RRID: AB_3751740
Bacterial and virus strains
Stellar Competent Cells Takara Cat# 636766
Biological samples
Healthy human PBMCs This paper NIH Blood Bank / NIH protocol 05-I-0213 / NCT00128973
Patient and family PBMCs (Pt 1) This paper NIH protocol 06-I-0015/ NCT00246857
Patient PBMCs (Pt 2) This paper NIH protocol 01-I-0202 / NCT00018044
Patient sample (Pt 3) This paper Protocol IR.TUMS.CHMC.REC.1398.030
V65I carrier samples This paper NIH protocol 03-H-0015 / NCT00047996 and 09-I-0032 / NCT00794352
Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins
MyTaq Red Mix Meridian Cat# BIO-25043
2xCloneAmp HiFi PCR Premix Takara Cat# 639298
DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit Qiagen Cat# 69506
RPMI-1640 Gibco Cat# 11875
DMEM Gibco Cat# 11965
DMEM/F-12 Gibco Cat# 11320033
Fetal bovine serum Gibco Cat# A5670
Penicillin-streptomycin Gibco Cat# 15140122
L-glutamine Gibco Cat# 25030
Trypsin-EDTA Gibco Cat# 25300054
Accutase BD Biosciences Cat# 561527
Ficoll-Paque PLUS density gradient medium Cytiva Cat# 17144002
CD14 MicroBeads, human Miltenyi Biotec Cat# 130-050-201
Formalin solution, neutral buffered, 10% Sigma-Aldrich Cat# HT5012
2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride Sigma-Aldrich Cat# T8877
Permount Fisher Scientific Cat# SP15
Oil Red O Abcam Cat# ab146295
Evans Blue Sigma-Aldrich Cat# E2129
Formamide Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F9037
Tissue-Tek O.C.T. compound Sakura Cat# 4583
DAPI GlpBio Cat# GC43378
Fluoromount-G SouthernBiotech Cat# 0100-01
Citrate buffer, pH 6.0 BioLegend Cat# 828502
Triton X-100 Sigma Aldrich Cat# T8532-500ML
Bovine serum albumin Sigma-Aldrich Cat# A7030-10G
Pierce™ DAB Substrate Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 34002
Mayer′s Hematoxylin Solution Millipore Cat# MHS32
Power SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 4368702
SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis System Invitrogen Cat# 18080-051
Opti-MEM I Reduced Serum Medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31985062
Lipofectamine 3000 transfection reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L3000075
RIPA Lysis and Extraction Buffer Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 89901
Halt Protease Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78438
Halt Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78427
NuPAGE LDS Sample Buffer, 4x Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# NP0008
NuPAGE Reducing Agent, 10x Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# NP0004
NuPAGE 4%-12% Bis-Tris Protein Gels Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# NP0336BOX
Nitrocellulose membrane Bio-Rad Cat# 1620112
EveryBlot Blocking Buffer Bio-Rad Cat# 12010020
Immobilon Classico Western HRP substrate Millipore Cat# WBLUC0500
Immobilon Forte Western HRP substrate Millipore Cat# WBLUF0500
SuperSignal West Femto Maximum Sensitivity Substrate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 34096
SuperSignal West Dura Extended Duration Substrate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 34076
Restore Western Blot Stripping Buffer Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21063
Cycloheximide GlpBio Cat# GC17198
Recombinant mouse M-CSF GenScript Cat# Z02930
Recombinant Mouse TNF-α (carrier-free) BioLegend Cat# 575202
Matrigel Growth Factor Reduced Basement Membrane Matrix Corning Life Sciences Cat# 356231
Endothelial cell growth supplement Sigma-Aldrich Cat# E2759
Heparin sodium salt Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H3393
Dispase I Sigma-Aldrich Cat# D4818
Fibronectin Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F1141
Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate Cayman Chemical Cat# 11211
HEPES sodium salt Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H7006
ITS Liquid Media Supplement (100×) Sigma-Aldrich Cat# I3146
BODIPY FL C16 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# D3821
BODIPY 493/503 GLPbio Technology Inc Cat# GC42959
MitoSOX Red mitochondrial superoxide indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008
MitoTEMPO MCE Cat# HY-112879
N-acetyl-L-cysteine Millipore Sigma Cat# A9165-5G
GW9662 MCE Cat# HY-16578
GW3965 MCE Cat# HY-10627
Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein (OxLDL) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L34357
Pierce™ Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), Sequencing Grade Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 20688
eBioscience™ Fixable Viability Dye eFluor™ 450 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 65-0863-14
Human TruStain FcX BioLegend Cat# 422302
Nuclease-Free Duplex Buffer Integrated DNA Technologies Cat# 11-01-03-01
ATTO550-labeled tracrRNA Integrated DNA Technologies Cat# 1075927
Cas9 protein MacroLab, UC Berkeley
RNase-free siRNA duplex resuspension buffer OriGene Cat# SR30005
Non-targeting control siRNA OriGene Cat# SR30004
GIMAP6 siRNA pool OriGene Cat# SR318628
SPLASH Lipidomix Mass Spec Standard Avanti Polar Lipids Cat# 330707
Methanol, LC-MS grade Fisher Scientific Cat# A456
Isopropanol, LC-MS grade Fisher Scientific Cat# A461
Acetonitrile, LC-MS grade Fisher Scientific Cat# A955
Water, LC-MS grade Fisher Scientific Cat# W6212
Chloroform, LC-MS grade Sigma-Aldrich Cat# 650471-1L
Methyl tert-butyl ether Honeywell Cat# 34875-1L
Butylated hydroxytoluene Sigma-Aldrich Cat# B1253-500G
Ammonium formate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 014517.30
Ammonium carbonate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 196655000
Formic acid, LC-MS grade Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 28905
Medronic acid MCE Cat# HY-108309
Sodium Pyruvate Solution MCE Cat# HY-K3024
D-glucose Sigma-Aldrich Cat# G8270
Poly-L-lysine solution Sigma-Aldrich Cat# P8920
FORANE (isoflurane, USP) Baxter Cat# 1001936060
High-fat diet, 40% kcal fat, 1.25% cholesterol Research Diets Cat# D12108C
Critical commercial assays
Mouse Cardiac Troponin-I ELISA Kit MyBioSource Cat# MBS766175
Masson’s Trichrome Stain Kit VitroView Cat# VB-3016
RNeasy Plus Mini Kit Qiagen Cat# 74136
SG Cell Line 4D-Nucleofector X Kit L Lonza Cat# V4XC-3012
P3 Primary Cell 4D-Nucleofector X Kit S Lonza Cat# V4XP-3032
Cholesterol E CHOD-DAOS Method Kit FUJIFILM Wako Cat# 999-02601
L-Type Triglyceride M GPO-HMMPS Method Kit FUJIFILM Wako Cat# 994-02891
In Vitro Vascular Permeability Assay, 96-well Millipore/Merck Cat# ECM642
GeniePlex Mouse Inflammation 5-Plex Panel 1 Assay Genie Cat# MOAMPM016
Seahorse XF Cell Mito Stress Test Kit Agilent Cat# 103015-100
Deposited data
International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium IMPC MP:0000274
CZ CELLxGENE Discover Chan Zuckerberg Initiative https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/gene-expression
scRNA-seq dataset of human thoracic aorta Pirruccello et al.76 SCP1265
scRNA-seq dataset of mouse aorta Kalluri et al. 77 SCP289
scRNA-seq dataset of mouse heart Hu et al.78 SCP283
scRNA-seq dataset of carotid plaques SICOF portal Mocci et al.43; https://sicof.medh.ki.se/athero/carotid/index.html
Multi-tissue transcriptomic, eQTL, and GRN dataset from CAD patients STARNET portal Koplev et al.40 ; http://starnet.mssm.edu/
RNA-seq dataset of Gimap6-deficient BMDMs This paper GEO: GSE307778
RNA-seq dataset of Gimap6-deficient Aortae This paper GEO: GSE335627
CAD-stage-specific monocyte RNA-seq dataset Wang et al.42 GEO: GSE166780
Mouse AEC sex-comparison RNA-seq dataset Shin et al.49 GSE247364
GTEx Analysis Release v10 GTEx Portal dbGaP phs000424.v10.p2
Pt 1 and Pt 1’s family Whole-exome sequencing (WES) Yao et al.15 dbGaP phs002816.v1.p1
ImmGen expression dataset Immunological Genome Project https://www.immgen.org/
CADD v1.7 Schubach et al.79 https://cadd.gs.washington.edu/
gnomAD v4.1.0 Broad Institute https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/
GIMAP6 ASCVD All of Us analysis code This paper https://github.com/xiangchennih-25/GIMAP6_CVD_Analysis-; Zenodo DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17100995
All of Us Controlled Tier Dataset v8 All of Us Research Program Researcher Workbench
All of Us Controlled Tier Dataset C2024Q3R5 All of Us Research Program Researcher Workbench
All by All browser All of Us Research Program Version 0.1.0-20fd1751-202501311616; data freeze July 1, 2022
UK Biobank 500K WGS v2 Public Release AstraZeneca PheWAS Portal / UK Biobank https://azphewas.com/
Million Veteran Program gwPheWAS Million Veteran Program https://phenomics.va.ornl.gov/web/cipher/pheweb
Human Protein Atlas vascular single-cell resource Human Protein Atlas https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000133561-GIMAP6/single+cell
Broad CVDI Human Disease Portal Broad Institute https://hugeampkpn.org/research.html?pageid=600_diseases_home
Experimental models: Cell lines
THP-1 ATCC Cat# TIB-202; RRID: CVCL_0006; human male
HEK293T ATCC Cat# CRL-3216; RRID: CVCL_0063; human female fetal kidney-derived
THP-1 GIMAP6 knockout cells This paper Derived from ATCC TIB-202; confirmed by immunoblot; Pool
THP-1 CD36 knockout cells This paper Derived from ATCC TIB-202; confirmed by immunoblot; Pool
THP-1 GIMAP6/CD36 double-knockout cells This paper Derived from ATCC TIB-202; confirmed by immunoblot; Pool
Experimental models: Organisms/strains
Mouse: C57BL/6N-Gimap6tm1b(KOMP)Wtsi/JMmucd KOMP/MMRRC RRID:MMRRC_047846-UCD
 
Mouse: B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J The Jackson Laboratory / Taconic Biosciences RRID: IMSR_JAX:002207
Mouse: B6.129S1-Cd36tm1Mfe/J The Jackson Laboratory RRID: IMSR_JAX:019006
Mouse: Gimap6−/− Ldlr−/− This paper Generated by crossing Gimap6-deficient and Ldlr-deficient mice
Mouse: Gimap6−/− Cd36−/− This paper Generated by crossing Gimap6-deficient and Cd36-deficient mice
Oligonucleotides
qPCR primers PrimerBank / this paper Sequences in Table S7
GIMAP6 crRNAs Integrated DNA Technologies Hs.Cas9.GIMAP6.1.AA; Hs.Cas9.GIMAP6.1.AB; Hs.Cas9.GIMAP6.1.AC; sequences in Table S7
CD36 crRNAs Integrated DNA Technologies Hs.Cas9.CD36.1.AA; Hs.Cas9.CD36.1.AB; Hs.Cas9.CD36.1.AC; sequences in Table S7
GIMAP6 Sanger primers This paper Forward 5-CAGTTGTGTCACCAGGAGCA-3; reverse 5-TTCTATTGGCCAAGTCTCGCT-3
Alternative Gimap6 mouse genotyping primers This paper Sequences listed in Method text
Recombinant DNA
pCI-mCherry-T2A-3xF-GIMAP6-Iso1 GenScript Custom design
FLAG-tagged human GIMAP6 variant constructs GenScript WT, I44T, G153V, V126M, V65I, T78A, Q237R, E12D, Q103R, E32G, S105L, V149F, R194W; Plasmid sequence files: available upon request.
Software and algorithms
LabChart ADInstruments Version 8.1.30
Ponemah Data Sciences International Version 6.x
MetaboScape Bruker Daltonics Version 2023
DataAnalysis Bruker Daltonics Version 6.1
FlowJo FlowJo, LLC Version 10.10.0
ImageJ NIH Version 1.54p
GraphPad Prism GraphPad Software Version 10.2.3
Adobe Illustrator Adobe Inc. Version 28.7.7
Imaris Oxford Instruments Version 10.1.1
SnapGene SnapGene Software Version 8.2.2
Seahorse XF Analytics Agilent Version 2.6.4.39
R R Foundation Version 4.3.3
ProteoWizard ProteoWizard Version 3
LDpair LDlink / NIH https://ldlink.nih.gov/?tab=ldpair
LDproxy LDlink / NIH https://ldlink.nih.gov/?tab=ldproxy
Other
Elute UHPLC system Bruker Daltonics Model# Elute UHPLC
timsTOF pro2 mass spectrometer Bruker Daltonics Model# timsTOF pro2
Vanquish UPLC system Thermo Fisher Scientific Model# Vanquish
Exploris 480 mass spectrometer Thermo Fisher Scientific Model# Exploris 480
Q Exactive Plus mass spectrometer Thermo Fisher Scientific Model# Q Exactive Plus
Orbitrap ID-X mass spectrometer Thermo Fisher Scientific Model# Orbitrap ID-X
ACQUITY UHPLC CSH C18 column Waters Cat# 186005297
AKTA Pure FPLC system GE Healthcare/Cytiva Model# AKTA Pure
Leica SP8 confocal microscope Leica Microsystems Model# SP8
Leica UC7 ultramicrotome Leica Microsystems Model# UC7
Hitachi HT7800 TEM Hitachi High-Tech Model# HT7800
BD FACSymphony A3 BD Biosciences Model# FACSymphony A3
VICTOR2 1420 Multilabel Counter PerkinElmer Life Sciences Model# VICTOR2 1420
VersaMax Microplate Reader Molecular Devices Model# VersaMax
Azure 500 imaging system Azure Biosystems Model# Azure 500
QuantStudio 7 Flex Real-Time PCR System Thermo Fisher Scientific Model# QuantStudio 7 Flex
Vevo F2 imaging system FUJIFILM VisualSonics Model# Vevo F2
UHF46X linear transducer FUJIFILM VisualSonics Model# UHF46X
DSI PhysioTel ETA-F10 telemetry transmitter Data Sciences International Model# ETA-F10
Octal Bio Amp ADInstruments Model# Octal Bio Amp
4D-Nucleofector X Unit Lonza Model# 4D-Nucleofector X Unit
Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer Agilent Model# XFe96
Seahorse XFe96/XF Pro microplates Agilent Cat# 103794-100
Seahorse XF DMEM assay medium, pH 7.4 Agilent Cat# 103680-100
Steriflip filter unit Millipore Cat# SE1M003M00
Superfrost Plus microscope slides Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 12-550-15
Extra Fine Graefe Forceps Fine Science Tools Cat# 11150-10
Loctite Waterproof Sealant Loctite Cat# 908570