The identification of UPMs among eight members of the human RNaseA superfamily by RMA. (A) UPMs identified by RMA are marked as blue characters. The conservative residues at the ends of a UPM identified in the trimming phase are labeled in orange. Three key catalytic residues His, Lys and His responsible for the ribonucleolytic activity are displayed as open boxes in the conservative regions and shown in black characters. The brown, red, and black underline indicates the recognition sites for αRNase2, mAb 3C1 and D112-P123 Ab, respectively. The double underline represents the strict epitopes for αRNase2 or mAb 3C1. (B) The UPMs identified by RMA are labeled in blue on the crystal structures of mature human RNase1 (PDB: 1E21, 128 residues), RNase2 (PDB: 1GQV, 134 residues), RNase3 (PDB: 1DYT, 133 residues), RNase4 (PDB: 1RNF, 119 residues), and RNase5 (PDB: 1B1I, 127 residues). The epitopes of αRNase2 (H73-Q77) and mAb 3C1 (Q58-R73) are labeled in red. The identified UPM involved in the protein-cell interaction and angiogenesis in RNase5 is labeled in green (P64-F76).