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. 2026 Oct 9;17:1980516. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1980516

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Copyright © 2026 Musau, Lamont, Musyoki, Odera, Onyango, Wandiga, Nzuki, Morrison, Mumo, Sherman, Mureithi and Nduba.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Bar chart displaying the number of M. tuberculosis isolates across main lineage families, showing highest counts for lineage family four (121, red) and three (109, blue), with lower counts for lineage two (58, yellow), and single isolates for BOV (purple) and lineage one (black). — Distribution of MTBC isolates by main lineage family, showing dominance of Lineage 4 and Lineage 3, with limited representation of Lineage 2 and rare occurrence of Lineage 1 and Mycobacterium bovis.