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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Oct 24.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2026 Sep 25;278:114910. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114910

Table 2.

Distributions of SG-corrected OPE biomarker concentrations (ng/mL) in 311 maternal urine samples collected 2007–2019.

Parent compound Biomarker LOD (ng/mL) % detect GM (ng/mL) Percentiles (ng/mL)
5th 25th 50th 75th 95th

TPP DPRP 0.03 33.44 0.03 <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.04 0.23
TNBP + TIBP DBUP + DIBP 0.04 98.07 0.16 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.23 0.76
TBOEP BBOEP 0.02 69.13 0.04 <LOD <LOD 0.04 0.07 0.25
TEHP BEHP 0.02 37.94 0.03 <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.05 0.46
TCEP BCETP 0.02 83.92 0.38 <LOD 0.18 0.57 1.27 6.33
TCIPP BCPP 0.02 73.31 0.20 <LOD <LOD 0.37 0.95 4.03
TDCIPP BDCPP 0.02 95.50 0.72 0.04 0.35 0.86 1.75 5.57
TPHP DPHP 0.03 100.00 0.92 0.30 0.54 0.79 1.43 3.82
TMPP BMPP 0.01 56.91 0.02 <LOD <LOD 0.01 0.03 0.13

Abbreviations: bis(butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCETP), bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCPP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), bis(2- ethylhexyl) phosphate (BEHP), bis(2- methylphenyl) phosphate (BMPP), sum of di-n-butyl phosphate and di-iso-butyl phosphate (DBUP+DIBP), diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), dipropyl phosphate (DPRP), geometric mean (GM), limit of detection (LOD), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP), tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP), trimethylphenyl phosphate (TMPP), sum of tri-n-butyl phosphate and tris(isobutyl) phosphate (TNBP+TIBP), triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), tripropyl phosphate (TPP)

Note: Some biomarkers may have multiple parent compounds.