Table 4.
Associations between prenatal maternal urinary concentrations of six log2-transformed OPE biomarkers and longitudinal changes in child MSEL Composite and subscale T-scores across four assessment time points among the selected MARBLES baseline population (n = 311).
| MSEL | BBOEP | BCETP | BCPP | BDCPP | DBUP+DIBP | DPHP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |
|
| ||||||
| Composite | ||||||
| 6 months | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 12 months | 0.05 (−0.98, 1.07) | 0.63 (0.02, 1.23) | 0.28 (−0.36, 0.93) | −0.21 (−1.27, 0.84) | 0.45 (−1.13, 2.03) | 1.11 (−0.49, 2.72) |
| 24 months | −0.37 (−1.57, 0.84) | 0.25 (−0.62, 1.13) | 0.18 (−0.59, 0.95) | −0.22 (−1.46, 1.01) | 0.06 (−2.26, 2.39) | 2.16 (0.27, 4.05) |
| 36 months | −0.22 (−1.81, 1.38) | 0.98 (0.00, 1.96) | 0.59 (−0.34, 1.53) | 0.03 (−1.36, 1.43) | 0.91 (−1.50, 3.33) | 2.45 (0.21, 4.69) |
| pinta | 0.53 | 0.02 | 0.48 | 0.89 | 0.73 | 0.13 |
| Fine Motor | ||||||
| 6 months | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 12 months | −0.51 (−1.61, 0.59) | 0.39 (−0.18, 0.96) | −0.02 (−0.53, 0.49) | −0.34 (−1.07, 0.40) | 0.08 (−1.41, 1.57) | 0.11 (−1.23, 1.46) |
| 24 months | 0.28 (−0.66, 1.22) | 0.06 (−0.49, 0.61) | 0.18 (−0.35, 0.71) | −0.76 (−1.38, −0.14) | 0.18 (−1.04, 1.40) | 0.83 (−0.29, 1.95) |
| 36 months | 0.04 (−1.11, 1.20) | 0.27 (−0.43, 0.96) | 0.18 (−0.46, 0.82) | −0.46 (−1.33, 0.41) | 0.21 (−1.36, 1.78) | 1.72 (0.15, 3.28) |
| pinta | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.85 | 0.12 | 0.99 | 0.08 |
| Visual Reception | ||||||
| 6 months | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 12 months | 0.35 (−0.60, 1.30) | 0.37 (−0.08, 0.81) | 0.47 (−0.02, 0.96) | 0.28 (−0.40, 0.96) | 1.08 (−0.16, 2.33) | 0.27 (−0.89, 1.42) |
| 24 months | −0.60 (−1.67, 0.48) | 0.31 (−0.29, 0.92) | 0.29 (−0.29, 0.88) | 0.37 (−0.54, 1.28) | −0.72 (−2.23, 0.79) | 0.37 (−1.01, 1.75) |
| 36 months | 0.93 (−0.53, 2.39) | 1.36 (0.59, 2.12) | 0.86 (0.12, 1.60) | 0.54 (−0.48, 1.56) | 0.83 (−1.14, 2.80) | 0.55 (−1.15, 2.26) |
| pinta | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.77 | 0.03 | 0.93 |
| Receptive Language | ||||||
| 6 months | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 12 months | −0.20 (−1.24, 0.84) | 0.37 (−0.13, 0.86) | 0.09 (−0.46, 0.64) | −0.16 (−0.95, 0.63) | −0.11 (−1.54, 1.32) | 1.05 (−0.17, 2.27) |
| 24 months | 0.06 (−1.29, 1.41) | 0.00 (−0.74, 0.75) | −0.15 (−0.79, 0.50) | −0.18 (−1.18, 0.81) | 0.03 (−2.01, 2.07) | 1.58 (0.01, 3.15) |
| 36 months | 0.28 (−0.84, 1.39) | 0.16 (−0.48, 0.80) | 0.12 (−0.49, 0.73) | 0.22 (−0.67, 1.11) | 0.04 (−1.45, 1.54) | 1.46 (−0.09, 3.00) |
| pinta | 0.76 | 0.34 | 0.73 | 0.55 | 0.99 | 0.21 |
| Expressive Language | ||||||
| 6 months | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 12 months | −0.32 (−1.25, 0.62) | 0.15 (−0.44, 0.74) | −0.04 (−0.57, 0.50) | −0.12 (−0.88, 0.64) | −0.60 (−1.81, 0.62) | 0.85 (−0.31, 2.01) |
| 24 months | −0.66 (−1.77, 0.45) | 0.00 (−0.55, 0.54) | −0.11 (−0.63, 0.41) | 0.02 (−0.79, 0.83) | 0.22 (−1.32, 1.75) | 1.53 (0.12, 2.94) |
| 36 months | −0.15 (−1.28, 0.98) | 0.25 (−0.31, 0.80) | 0.11 (−0.42, 0.64) | −0.38 (−1.16, 0.41) | 0.13 (−1.35, 1.61) | 1.25 (−0.14, 2.65) |
| pinta | 0.54 | 0.68 | 0.78 | 0.59 | 0.66 | 0.18 |
p-value for interaction with age.
Note: Bolded numbers indicate interaction p-values < 0.05. All models were adjusted for child sex child year of birth, homeownership, maternal age at delivery, maternal education, parity, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and maternal race/ethnicity. Regression coefficients (β) represent interaction terms between age at assessment and log2-transformed OPE biomarker concentrations in GEE models that included both main effects and their interaction term. Positive coefficients indicate that associations became more positive over time, whereas negative coefficients indicate that associations became more negative over time.