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. 2026 Oct 12;15(20):7860. doi: 10.3390/jcm15207860
PFMT Pelvic floor muscle training
VD Vaginal delivery
CD Cesarean section delivery
BeBo® BeBo® concept, Beckenboden, “pelvic floor”
n Number of participants in the group
UDI-6 Urogenital Distress Inventory Short Form
KHQ King’s Health Questionnaire
SQoL-F Sexual Quality of Life–Female
PFM Pelvic floor muscles
UI Urinary incontinence
WHO World Health Organization
ICS International Continence Society
SUI Stress urinary incontinence
sEMG Surface electromyograph
kg Kilogram
cm Centimeter
m2 Square meter
BMI Body Mass Index
Mean Mean value
x¯ Mean value
SD Standard deviation
p p-value
ANOVA Analysis of variance
N, n Number of participants/number of repetitions, depending on context
T1 Time point of assessment before therapy
T2 Time point of assessment after completion of therapy
ES Effect size
NS Not statistically significant differences
P Power, maximal contraction strength
E Endurance
R Repetitions, maximal repetitions
Fc Fast contractions
pts Points
s Second
r Pearson correlation coefficient
LAM Levator ani muscle