| ASMI | Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index |
| 5STS | Five-Times Sit-To-Stand Test |
| AWGS | Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia |
| EWGSOP | European Working Group on Sarcopenia |
| IG | Intervention Group |
| CG | Control Group |
| OG | Original Cheese Group |
| GG | Golden Cheese Group |
| SARC-F | Sarcopenia Risk Screening Tool |
| DXA | Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry |
| WP+VD+VE | Whey Protein + Vitamin D + Vitamin E |
| ω-3+Leu+PS23 | ω-3 fatty acids + Leucine + Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 |
| WP+VD+Leu | Whey Protein + Vitamin D + Leucine |
| WP | Whey Protein |
| Leu | Leucine |
| VD | Vitamin D |
| P+Ca | Protein + Calcium |
| P+Ca+CaP | Protein + Calcium + Calcium-containing Phosphates |
| WP+Leu | Whey Protein + Leucine |
| WP+Leu+LCT | whey protein + leucine + long-chain lipid formulation containing n-3 PUFA |
| Leu+VD+MCT | Leucine + Vitamin D + Medium-chain Triglycerides |
| Leu+VD+LCT | Leucine + Vitamin D + Long-chain Triglycerides |
| HMB+ARG+LYS | β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate + Arginine + Lysine |
| Ca+HMB | Calcium + β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate |
| P | Protein |
| WP+CaHMB | Whey Protein + Calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate |