ABS	Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
AC	Activated carbon
BET	Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
BTEX	Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes
DEHP	Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
DSS	Digested sewage sludge
EPS	Extracellular polymeric substances
FCC	Fluid catalytic cracking
FTIR	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
FWO	Flynn–Wall–Ozawa
GC–MS	Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
HDPE	High-density polyethylene
HHV	Higher heating value
HIPS	High-impact polystyrene
HTC	Hydrothermal carbonization
HTL	Hydrothermal liquefaction
KAS	Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose
LDPE	Low-density polyethylene
LHV	Lower heating value
MSC	Municipal sludge char
MSW	Municipal solid waste
OECD	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PA6	Polyamide 6
PAHs	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PC	Polycarbonate
PCB/PCBs	Polychlorinated biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyls
PCDD/F/PCDD/Fs	Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
PE	Polyethylene
PET	Polyethylene terephthalate
PFAS	Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
PP	Polypropylene
PS	Polystyrene
PUR	Polyurethane
PVC	Polyvinyl chloride
PyChar	Pyrolysis char
PyGas	Pyrolysis gas
PyOil	Pyrolysis oil
RDF	Refuse-derived fuel
SDS	Sodium dodecyl sulfate
SS	Sewage sludge
SSA	Sewage sludge ash
SSC	Sewage sludge char
TA	Terephthalic acid
TCLP	Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure
TEA	Techno-economic analysis
TGA	Thermogravimetric analysis
UDSS	Undigested sewage sludge
VOC/VOCs	Volatile organic compound/volatile organic compounds
WtE	Waste-to-energy
XPS	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
XRD	X-ray diffraction
XRF	X-ray fluorescence
HZSM-5	Proton-form ZSM-5 zeolite
ZSM-5	Zeolite Socony Mobil-5
HUSY	Proton-form ultrastable Y zeolite
HY/H-Y	Proton-form Y zeolite
Hβ/H-Beta	Proton-form Beta zeolite
HMOR	Proton-form mordenite
MCM-41	Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41
SBA-15	Santa Barbara Amorphous No. 15
SAPO-11	Silicoaluminophosphate-11
Al-MCM-41	Aluminum-containing MCM-41
Al-SBA-15	Aluminum-containing SBA-15
Ni/AC	Nickel supported on activated carbon
Fe/AC	Iron supported on activated carbon
Fe/MSC	Iron supported on municipal sludge char
Ni/MSC	Nickel supported on municipal sludge char
Fe–Ni/MSC	Iron–nickel supported on municipal sludge char
Ni/SSC	Nickel supported on sewage sludge char
Re–Ni/SSC	Rhenium–nickel supported on sewage sludge char
Ni/ZSM-5	Nickel-supported ZSM-5
Ni/SAPO-11	Nickel-supported SAPO-11
CoMo/Al2O3	Cobalt–molybdenum supported on alumina
NiMo/Al2O3	Nickel–molybdenum supported on alumina
A	Ash
FC	Fixed carbon
VM	Volatile matter
W	Moisture/water content
db	Dry basis
NR	Not reported
n/d	Not determined/no data reported
ISSA	Incinerated sewage sludge ash