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. 2026 Oct 14;16:1942820. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1942820

Figure 2.

Panel a shows a tSNE plot with five colored clusters labeled zero to four representing distinct cell populations. Panel b contains a UMAP plot mirroring the colored clustering. Panel c displays a dot plot of gene expression across clusters, with dot size indicating percent of cells expressing each gene and color intensity representing average expression. Panel d features two stacked bar plots comparing cluster proportions between two groups. Panel e presents volcano plots highlighting upregulated and downregulated genes in each cluster. Panel f contains a heatmap of metabolic pathway activity scores across clusters, with rows for pathways and columns for clusters.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals distinct cellular clusters and metabolic heterogeneity in the LNCaP-FGC and LNCaP-C4-2B cell models.t-SNE visualization of five identified cell clusters (clusters 0–4). (b) UMAP visualization of the same cell clusters, confirming the robustness of the clustering pattern. (c) Dot plot showing the top five marker genes for each cluster. (d) Stacked bar chart illustrating the proportional distribution of cell clusters in GSE8777871 and GSE8777872. (e) Volcano plots were used to visualize specifically upregulated genes in each cluster. (f) Heatmap of scMetabolism analysis displaying the activity scores of representative metabolic pathways across the five clusters.