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. 2026 Oct 14;17:1946700. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1946700

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Copyright © 2026 Liao, Hou, Song, Yu, Li, Lu, Zheng and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forest plot titled "Primary and sensitivity AUROC meta-analyses" comparing three groups: Primary analysis with thirty-five studies shows pooled AUROC zero point seven nine four, confidence interval zero point seven five one to zero point eight three two; Excluding PROBAST high risk with twenty-six studies, pooled AUROC zero point seven eight seven, confidence interval zero point seven four eight to zero point eight two two; Excluding AUROC greater than or equal to zero point nine five with thirty-two studies, pooled AUROC zero point seven seven zero, confidence interval zero point seven four two to zero point seven nine seven. — Primary and sensitivity AUROC meta-analyses.