Table 4.
GRADE assessment results.
| Literature | Outcomes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BBS | FMA-LE | FAC | 6MWT | TUG | 10MWT | |
| Luo et al. (2023) (23) | Low | Low | - | Moderate | - | Moderate |
| Gao et al. (2026) (35) | Very low | Moderate | Very low | Moderate | - | - |
| Guo et al. (2013) (17) | Very low | Moderate | - | - | - | - |
| Li et al. (2018) (18) | Low | Moderate | - | - | - | - |
| Chang et al. (2024) (29) | Very low | Moderate | Low | - | Moderate | - |
| Peng et al. (2025) (34) | Low | Low | - | - | - | - |
| Guo et al. (2025) (33) | Low | Low | Moderate | - | - | - |
| Yang et al. (2018) (19) | Low | Very low | Very low | - | - | - |
| Chen et al. (2024) (24) | Low | - | Low | Moderate | - | - |
| Hao et al. (2025) (30) | Low | Very low | Moderate | Low | - | - |
| Hu et al. (2024) (25) | Moderate | Very low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Low |
| Lee et al. (2024) (26) | Low | Low | Low | Very low | Low | Low |
| Liang et al. (2024) (27) | Low | Low | Low | Low | - | Low |
| Liu et al. (2025) (31) | Low | - | Low | Moderate | - | Very low |
| Moucheboeuf et al. (2020) (21) | Very low | - | Low | - | Very low | - |
| Wang et al. (2025) (32) | Moderate | Moderate | 0 | Low | Low | - |
| Wu et al. (2023) (22) | Moderate | Low | Moderate | - | Very low | - |
| Zheng et al. (2019) (20) | Very low | - | - | - | Low | - |
| Yang et al. (2024) (28) | Very low | Low | Very low | Very low | Very low | - |
BBS, Berg Balance Scale; FMA-LE, Fugl–Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity subscale; FAC, Functional Ambulation Category; 6MWT, 6-Minute Walk Test; TUG, Timed Up and Go Test; 10MWT, 10-Meter Walk Test. “—” denotes that this outcome measure has not been reported in the existing literature.