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. 2026 Aug 4;26:2147. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-09524-8

Table 2.

Machines used in the production, curing, surface treatment, and tensile testing of the specimens

Machine Manufacturer Purpose
Ivoclar Programill PM7 Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein Subtractive milling of PMMA specimens
Asiga MAX X Asiga Pty Ltd, Alexandria, NSW, Australia Additive manufacturing (3D printing) of resin specimens
Phoenix Beta Twin Wheel Buehler, Illinois Tool Works Inc, United States Surface preparation — wet sandpapering
Instron 3382 Instron, ITW Test & Measurement, Massachusetts, United States Universal tensile testing machine
Uniz Ultrasonic Cleaner Uniz Technology LLC, San Diego, United States Ultrasonic cleaning of specimens
Dentmate Prodex BL Dentmate Technology Co., Ltd, New Taipei, Taiwan Post-polymerization UV curing of 3D-printed specimens
OPMI pico/S100 Microscope Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany Failure mode analysis at ×2.5 magnification