Table 2.

Parameter estimation status for protein–protein interactions (PPIs) in mTOR signalling pathway, based on clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) datasets

Parameter estimation status	ccRCC	LUSC
Signal-transducing	59 PPIs	59 PPIs
No	0 (0.0%)	1 (1.7%)
Yes	59 (100.0%)	58 (98.3%)
Estimable	59 PPIs	58 PPIs
No	13 (22.0%)	16 (27.6%)
Yes	46 (78.0%)	42 (72.4%)
Selected model	46 PPIs	42 PPIs
Model X1	38 (82.6%)	37 (88.1%)
Model X2	6 (13.0%)	5 (11.9%)
Model X3	2 (4.3%)	0 (0.0%)
	1 (2.2%)	1 (2.4%)

Fifty-nine PPIs were classified as either non-signal-transducing or signal-transducing. Non-signal transduction means that or for all patients in the case and control was 0, or and were 0. Signal-transducing PPIs were further classified as either non-estimable or estimable. Failed estimation means that the SAS NLMIXED procedure in Eqs. (4.1) and (4.2) failed to produce estimates. Estimable PPIs were subsequently categorised as Models X1, X2, and X3