Table 1.
Main constituents of propolis extracts made using ethanol (PE) or water (PW)
| Main constituents | PE | PW |
|---|---|---|
| Chlorogenic acid | 3.6 | 0.76 |
| p-Coumaric acid | 3.7 | 2.5 |
| 4,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid | 0.78 | 0.24 |
| 3,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid | 4.9 | 2.7 |
| 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid | 6.1 | 3.5 |
| Drupanin | 0.12 | 1.8 |
| Isosakuranetin | – | 0.54 |
| Artepillin C | 0.59 | 14.0 |
| Baccharin | 0.03 | 6.8 |
Values (content %) are expressed as mean of triplicate analyses for each sample. PE, propolis extracted with ethanol; PW, propolis extracted with water; –, not detected. Data in this table are derived from our previous report (38).