Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Diabetes Care. 2005 Sep;28(9):2223–2229. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.9.2223

Table 2.

Characteristics and Costs of Patients with Normal Fasting Glucose, by Progression Status

Stayed Below 100mg/dl
Progressed To Stage 1 (100 - 109 mg/dl)
Progressed To Stage 2 (110 - 125 mg/dl)
Progressed To Diabetes (> 125mg/dl)
Number of Subjects 23,621 1,741 462 485
Age in Years1,2,3,4 57.5 (11.5) 60.2 (9.4) 60.7 (9.3) 57.0 (9.8)
Percent Female1,2,5 47.9% 33.3% 34.9% 39.0%
History of Smoking3,5 18.2% 18.7% 18.0% 25.0%
Baseline Comorbidities:
 History of MI1,2,5 2.2% 6.2% 7.1% 6.0%
 History of Stroke 2.3% 2.0% 1.5% 3.9%
 ASCVD1,2,5 5.8% 14.0% 16.5% 14.4%
 CHF5 1.2% 1.8% 2.2% 2.9%
 Depression1,5 8.8% 3.8% 6.1% 4.5%
Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dl)1,2,5 91 (6.0) 94 (4.6) 94 (4.8) 93 (5.5)
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)1,2,5,6 131 (14) 135 (15) 137 (15) 136 (13)
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)1,2,5,6 79 (7) 81 (8) 82 (8) 81 (8)
LDL Cholesterol (mg/dl)1,2,3,4 129 (31) 144 (35) 147 (37) 132 (36)
HDL Cholesterol (mg.dl)1,2,3,5 53 (16) 48 (14) 46 (15) 45 (13)
Triglycerides (mg/dl)1,2,3,4,5 150 (91) 187 (144) 200 (138) 232 (265)
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)1,2,3,4,5 211 (36) 228 (40) 231 (43) 221 (50)
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)1,2,3,4,5,6 28.6 (5.3) 29.8 (5.2) 31.0 (5.6) 33.6 (7.2)
Number of Metabolic Syndrome Criteria (triglycerides, HDL, BP)1,2,3,4,5
 None 25.1% 13.1% 6.7% 7.6%
 One 39.1% 37.1% 29.0% 23.6%
 Two 25.4% 30.2% 36.8% 36.7%
 All three 10.5% 19.6% 27.5% 32.1%
Pharmacy Costs2,3,4,5,6 $843 ($1,505) $803 ($1,094) $1,040 ($2,155) $1,356 ($2,201)
Outpatient Costs1,2,3,4,5 $1,794 ($1,733) $1,940 ($1,965) $2,103 ($1,988) $2,613 ($3,513)
Inpatient Costs1,2,3,5 $1,148 ($4,168) $1,716 ($8,335) $2,164 ($6,993) $2,599 ($6,834)
Total Costs1,2,3,4,5,6 $3,785 ($5,640) $4,459 ($9,402) $5,307 ($8,423) $6,568 ($9,607)
1

Subjects who stayed below 100mg/dl differ from those who progressed to Stage 1, p<.001

2

Subjects who stayed below 100mg/dl differ from those who progressed to Stage 2, p<.001

3

Subjects who progressed to Stage 1 differ from those who progressed to Diabetes, p<.001

4

Subjects who progressed to Stage 2 differ from those who progressed to Diabetes, p<.001

5

Subjects who stayed below 100mg/dl differ from those who progressed to Diabetes, p<.001

6

Subjects who progressed to Stage 1 differ from those who progressed to Stage 2, p<.001

Numbers shown are means (standard deviations) or proportions (%).