Table 1.
Subject characteristics and demographic variables for Mexican American older adults included in the sample.
| Variable | Female | Male | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 369 (59%) | 252 (41%) | 621 |
| Age (mean,±SD) | 78.1 (5.1) | 78.0 (5.2) | 78.1 (5.1) |
| Education | 5.1 (3.9) | 5.1 (3.8) | 5.1 (3.6) |
| Household | 2.1 (1.1) | 2.3 (1.0) | 2.2 (1.1) |
| LE Strength*(kgs) | 24.6 (8.5) | 34.9 (11.7) | 28.9 (11.1) |
| UE Strength*(kgs) | 12.6 (5.1) | 19.9 (7.4) | 15.6 (7.2) |
| Comorbid | 2.4 (1.2) | 2.1 (1.2) | 2.3 (1.2) |
| MMSE | 23.2 (5.3) | 23.4 (5.4) | 23.3 (5.2) |
| Married (N, %)* | 128 (35%) | 189 (75%) | 317 |
| Disability* | |||
| None | 166 (45%) | 159 (63%) | 325 |
| IADL | 138 (38%) | 68 (27%) | 206 |
| ADL | 64 (17%) | 26 (10%) | 90 |
| BMI | 28.2 (5.7) | 28.0 (5.0) | 28.1 (5.5) |
| Frailty Score (mean, ±SD) | 1.9 (0.9) | 1.7 (0.9) | 1.8 (0.9) |
| Frailty Category* | |||
| Not Frail | 148 (40%) | 125 (50%) | 273 (44%) |
| Pre-Fail | 141 (38%) | 83 (33%) | 224 (36%) |
| Frail | 80 (22%) | 44 (17%) | 124 (20%) |
p < .05
Legend
Education = Years of education
Household = Number of family members in household
UE Strength = Upper extremity strength (shoulder abduction, flexion)
LE Strength = Lower extremity strength (hip abduction, hip flexion, knee extension)
Comorbid = Number of comorbid conditions (heart attack, stroke, cancer, diabetes, arthritis, hip fracture).
MMSE = Mini Mental State Exam provides a general screening for cognitive deficits in memory, awareness, attention or executive function. Score range for sample 5-30.
IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (e.g. driving, using the telephone, shopping, etc.)
ADL = Activities of Daily Living (e.g. bathing, dressing, eating, etc.)
BMI = Body Mass Index computed as weighted divided by height (BMI = kg/m2)