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. 2006 Mar 6;34(5):1416–1426. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkl010

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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved

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Current views of BRCA1 functions G₁ and G₁/S cell cycle checkpoint. (A) A model illustrating a negative role for BRCA1 in G₁ arrest. BRCA1 binds to hypophosphorylated RB, which interacts with E2F to form an active complex that blocks transcription. BRCA1 and RB also recruit HDC, which deacetylates histones associated with the promoter, thereby promoting formation of nucleosomes that inhibit transcription. (B and C) Expression of BRCA1 may cause G₁/S arrest through a p53-independent (B), and p53 dependent (C) mechanisms. (D) UV radiation may also cause BRCA1-mediated G₁/S arrest, although it is not clear whether p21 is involved.