Table 1.

Acetylated proteins and the corresponding acetyltransferases that act either cotranslationally (Co) or post-translationally (Post)

Acetylated proteins	Residues	Process	Acetyltransferases	References
Majority of eukaryotic proteins	α-Ser, α-Ala, and so on	Co	NatA, NatB, and NatC	Reviewed in [3]
E. coli ribosomal proteins (S18, S5, and L12)	α-Ser, α-Ala	Post	RimI, RimJ, and RimL	[4,5]
Regulatory peptides (β-endorphin, α-MSH, enkephalin, GHRF)	α-Tyr, α-Ser, and α-Ala	Post	Unknown	[6,17]
Histones (H2A, H2B, H3, H4)	ε-Lys	Co and Post	GNAT group: Gcn5, PCAF, Hat1, Elp3, and Hpa2	Reviewed in [7,21,25]
			MYST group: Esa1, MOF, Sas2, Sas3, Tip60, and MORF
			p300/CBP group
			Transcription factor group: TAFII250 and TFIIIC
			Nuclear receptors cofactors group: ACTR and SRC1
Transcription factors (p53, E2F1-3, EKLF, TFIIEβ, TFIIF, c-Jun, TCF, GATA1, MyoD, HMGI(Y), pRb, NF-E2(MafG) and ACTR)	ε-Lys	Post?	PCAF/GCN5, p300/CBP, TAFII250, SRC1?, MOZ, Tip60? and BRCA2?	Reviewed in [8,24]
HMG proteins (HMG1 and HMG2)	ε-Lys2 and ε-Lys11	Unknown	p300/CBP and PCAF	[27,28]
Nuclear receptor HNF-4	ε-Lys	Unknown	p300/CBP	[32]
Nuclear import factors (importin-α7 and Rch1)	ε-Lys22	Post	p300/CBP	[9]
α-tubulin	ε-Lys40	Post	62-67 kDa protein	[10,41]

Abbreviations not mentioned in the text: BRCA2, breast cancer protein; Elp3, elongator protein, a subunit of the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex; Esa1, essential SAS2-related acetyltransferase; Gcn5, general control nonrepressible protein, a nucleosomal histone acetyltransferase; GHRF, growth-hormone-releasing factor; GNAT, Gcn5p-related amino-acetyltransferase superfamily; Hpa2, histone and other protein acetyltransferase; MOF, males absent on the first, an X-linked dosage-compensation protein in Drosophila; MORF, monocytic leukemia zinc-finger protein related factor; MOZ, monocytic leukemia zinc-finger protein; MYST group, named for the founding members MOZ, YBF2/SAS3 and Tip60; p53, a tumor-suppressor protein; pRb, retinoblastoma protein; Rch1, Rag1 cohort, human importin-α ; Sas2, something about silencing protein, involved in silencing at telomeres and mating-type loci; SRC1, steroid nuclear receptor coactivator; Tip60, HIV Tat-interactive protein. A question mark indicates uncertainty.