p26 blocks apoptosis on cell drying and rehydration. E11′L cells and cells transfected with vector only were vacuum dried to 0.35 g H2O per gram dry weight, rehydrated, incubated in either the presence or absence of the pan-caspase inhibitor OPH-109, then stained with FITC-DEVD-FMK, a fluorescently labeled inhibitor of activated caspase-3, and propidium iodide before analysis by flow cytometry. (A) 293H cells transfected with vector only; (B) 293H cells transfected with vector only and incubated with OPH-109; (C) E11′L cells; (D) E11′L cells incubated with OPH-109. (E) Experiments in panels A–D were done in triplicate; the results were averaged and plotted with standard error. N1, dead cells; N2, apoptotic and dead cells; N3, live cells; N4, apoptotic cells