Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of sodium cromoglycate in four healthy volunteers after slow intravenous infusion have been evaluated following measurement of plasma concentrations by radioimmunoassay. The results confirm earlier findings that sodium cromoglycate is rapidly eliminated from the body and that the data can be fitted to a two compartment open model. The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from the intravenous administration were used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics after inhalation administration via the Spinhaler. A model for absorption from the lungs is described which involves absorption at two different rates; this gives a better fit to the observed data than a single absorption rate. A fast absorption rate constant with a mean value of 0.54 min-1 and a slower rate constant with a mean value of 0.0097 min-1 were found. Of a mean total of 2.84 mg absorbed from a 20 mg inhaled dose, 0.68 +/- 0.15 (s.e. mean) mg were absorbed at the fast rate and 2.17 +/- 0.37 mg at the slower rate. These rates probably reflect absorption from different sites within the lungs. The results may have important implications for interpretation of clinical findings.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Ashton M. J., Clark B., Jones K. M., Moss G. F., Neale M. G., Ritchie J. T. The absorption, metabolism and excretion of disodium cromoglycate in nine animal species. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1973 Nov;26(3):319–328. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(73)90268-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Benson M. K., Curry S. H., Mills G. G., Hughes D. T. Uptake of disodium cromoglycate in obstructive airways disease. Clin Allergy. 1973 Dec;3(4):389–394. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1973.tb01346.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brown K., Gardner J. J., Lockley W. J., Preston J. R., Wilkinson D. J. Radioimmunoassay of sodium cromoglycate in human plasma. Ann Clin Biochem. 1983 Jan;20(Pt 1):31–36. doi: 10.1177/000456328302000105. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark B., Neale M. G. Hepatic and renal clearance of sodium cromoglycate. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1981 Nov;33(11):744–745. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13922.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuller R. W., Collier J. G. The pharmacokinetic assessment of sodium cromoglycate. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1983 May;35(5):289–292. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1983.tb02936.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gardner J. J. Determination of sodium cromoglycate in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography on an anion-exchange column. J Chromatogr. 1984 Jan 13;305(1):228–232. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)83335-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marks M. B. Cromolyn sodium prophylaxis in asthmatic children under five. Ann Allergy. 1977 Nov;39(5):306–310. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moss G. F., Jones K. M., Ritchie J. T., Cox J. S. Distribution and metabolism of disodium cromoglycate in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1970 Nov;17(3):691–698. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(70)90043-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moss G. F., Jones K. M., Ritchie J. T., Cox J. S. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of disodium cromoglycate afer inhalation by human volunteers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1971 Oct;20(2):147–156. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(71)90041-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith J. M., Pizzarro Y. A. Observations on the safety of disodium cromoglycate in long-term use in children. Clin Allergy. 1972 Jun;2(2):143–151. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1972.tb01279.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wagner J. G. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Triangle. 1975;14(3-4):101–108. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walker S. R., Evans M. E., Richards A. J., Paterson J. W. The fate of ( 14 C)disodium cromoglycate in man. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1972 Jul;24(7):525–531. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1972.tb09051.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]