Table 5.
Constraints in Constraint-Based Models
| Constraints | Main clause | Reduced relative |
|---|---|---|
| Argument roles | ||
| Agent–patient | John (had) cooked the dinner. | The dinner cooked by John … |
| The dinner was cooked by John. | ||
| Agent | John (had) cooked last night. | |
| Patient | The dinner (had) cooked slowly. | The dinner cooked last night … |
| The dinner was cooked slowly. | ||
| Transitivity | ||
| Transitive | John (had) cooked the dinner. | The dinner cooked by John … |
| The dinner was cooked by John. | The dinner cooked last night … | |
| The dinner was cooked slowly. | ||
| Intransitive | John (had) cooked last night. | |
| The dinner (had) cooked slowly. | ||
| Voice | ||
| Active | John (had) cooked the dinner. | |
| John (had) cooked last night. | ||
| The dinner (had) cooked slowly. | ||
| Passive | The dinner was cooked by John. | The dinner cooked by John … |
| The dinner was cooked slowly. | The dinner cooked last night … | |
| Tense | ||
| Past | John cooked the dinner. | |
| John cooked last night. | ||
| The dinner cooked slowly. | ||
| Participle | John had cooked the dinner. | The dinner cooked by John … |
| The dinner was cooked by John. | The dinner cooked last night … | |
| The dinner was cooked slowly. | ||
| John had cooked last night. | ||
| The dinner had cooked slowly. | ||
| Typicality | ||
| Agent = animate | John cooked the dinner. | The dinner cooked by John … |
| Agent = inanimate | The charcoal cooked the dinner. | The dinner cooked by charcoal … |
| Syntactic structure | ||
| Main clause | John (had) cooked the dinner. | |
| The dinner was cooked by John. | ||
| John (had) cooked last night. | ||
| The dinner was cooked slowly. | ||
| Reduced relative | The dinner cooked by John … | |