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Negatively charged lipids promote the water-to-hydrophobic phase transfer of Penetratin. NBD-Penetratin was dissolved in Tris 10 mM, pH 7.4, to reach a concentration of 2.2 µM. Lipids were conditioned in chloroform. After mixing and decanting the phases, the NBD fluorescence corresponding to the NBD-Penetratin remaining in the water phase was quantified. Bars indicate the standard variation of at least three independent experiments.
