TABLE 1.
Experimental design and disease outcome
| Immunization groupa | Animal no. | Growth rateb | Time of euthanasia (wk)c | Histopathology and clinical pathology (level [g/dl]) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 (Unvaccinated + SIVmac251) | 31319 | 1.8 (0.9-2.6) | 13 | Thymus atrophy, lymphoid hyperplasia of bone marrow and spleen, colitis, hypoproteinemia (3.5) |
| 31321 | 2.1 (1.2-3.0) | 28 | Lymphoid hyperplasia, typhlocolitis, hepatitis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, meningoencephalitis, hypoproteinemia (4.9) | |
| 31322 | 2.8 (2.2-3.4) | 14 | Lymphoid hyperplasia, colitis, dermatitis, hypoproteinemia (4.6) | |
| 31325 | 4.0 (3.4-4.7) | 12 | Lymphoid hyperplasia, thymus atrophy, hepatitis, necrotizing encephalitis, edema, hypoproteinemia (2.9) | |
| 31608d | 0.6 (0.0-1.2) | 11 | Mixed pattern of lymphoid hyperplasia and depletion, typhlocolitis | |
| Group 2 (MVA-SIVgpe only) | 31480 | 7.4 (6.9-7.9) | NAf | Healthy at 3 years |
| 31488 | 7.2 (6.8-7.7) | NA | Healthy at 3 years | |
| Group 3 (MVA-SIVgpe + SIVmac251) | 31378 | 6.5 (6.0-7.0) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, Cryptosporidium sp.-positive enteritis |
| 31533 | 5.2 (4.7-5.7) | 26 | Lymphoid hyperplasia, effacing Escherichia coli colitis, cytomegalovirus-positive hepatitis, nephritis, P. carinii pneumonia | |
| 31540 | 5.9 (4.4-7.5) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, mild enterocolitis | |
| 31542 | 7.8 (7.1-8.4) | 26 | Thymus atrophy, Cryptosporidium sp.- and E. coli-positive gastroenterocolitis, mild P. carinii pneumonia | |
| Group 4 (maternal antibodies + MVA-SIVgpe + SIVmac251) | 31526 | 2.5 (1.9-3.1) | 27 | Mixed pattern of lymphoid hyperplasia and depletion, thymus atrophy, Cryptosporidium sp.-positive enteritis, gastritis |
| 31732 | 4.7 (4.2-5.1) | 19 | Thymus atrophy, lymphoid depletion, necrotizing gastroenterocolitis, mild Candida albicans-positive esophagitis, hepatitis, hypoproteinemia (4.5) | |
| 31833 | 4.2 (3.5-4.8) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, splenomegaly, mild choledochocystitis and pancreatic ductitis, mild pneumonia | |
| 31856 | 6.3 (5.6-7.0) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, severe choledochocystitis, cholangiohepatitis, mild pneumonia | |
| Group 5 (SIVmac1A11 + SIVmac251) | 31777 | 4.5 (3.9-5.1) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, moderate colitis and splenomegaly |
| 31778 | 5.2 (4.7-5.8) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, mild Cryptosporidium sp.-positive enterocolitis, and pancreatic ductitis | |
| 31779 | 3.0 (2.2-3.8) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, mild to moderate Cryptosporidium sp.-positive pancreatic ductitis and bronchitis | |
| 31780 | 4.1 (3.6-4.6) | 28e | Lymphoid hyperplasia, mild Cryptosporidium sp.-positive pancreatic ductitis and enterocolitis, mild C. albicans-positive glossitis and esophagitis, mild pneumonia |
a
Vaccine was administered in two doses; at birth and 3 weeks later. Animals of groups 1, 3, 4, and 5 were challenged orally at 4 weeks of age with SIVmac251-5/98.
b
Average weight gain in grams/day (with 95% confidence interval in parentheses) between 28 and 74 days of age, as determined by regression analysis.
c
Age (weeks) at time of euthanasia.
d
Group 1 animal 31608 was born with maternally derived anti-SIV antibodies.
e
Animal was clinically stable at time of euthanasia; all other animals were euthanized due to life-threatening disease prior to or at 28 weeks of age.
f
NA, not applicable.