Schematic representation of chimeric fiber proteins incorporated into Ad5 capsid. The adenovirus fiber can be divided into three domains, tail, shaft, and knob. The long shafts from the Ad5 and Ad40 long fiber contain 22 and 21 β sheets, respectively; the short shaft from the Ad40 short (40S) fiber contains 12 β sheets. The N-terminal knob domains from the Ad5 and Ad40 long (40L) fiber begin with a TLWT hinge sequence and bind to CAR, whereas the N-terminal knob domain from the Ad40 short fiber begins with a TIWS hinge sequence and is unable to bind to CAR.