Table 3.
Mean (SD) core outcome measures pretreatment, post-treatment, and at six month follow-up
|
Pre-treatment
|
Post-treatment
|
Six month follow-up
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Core outcome measures and related indicators | Acupressure (n=64) | Physical therapy (n=65) | Acupressure (n=64) | Physical therapy (n=65) | Comparison 1† | Comparison 2‡ | Acupressure (n=64) | Physical therapy (n=65) | Comparison 1† | Comparison 2‡ |
| Degree of “how bothersome”: | ||||||||||
| Low back pain | 2.97 (1.01) | 2.78 (0.96) | 2.11 (0.86) | 2.57 (0.83) | −0.53*** (−0.80 to −0.28) | −0.64*** (−0.97 to −0.32) | 1.59 (0.73) | 2.17 (0.89) | −0.62*** (−0.90 to −0.35) | −0.76*** (−1.13 to −0.39) |
| Leg pain | 2.78 (1.16) | 2.74 (1.11) | 1.94 (0.85) | 2.52 (0.97) | −0.60*** (−0.87 to −0.34) | −0.63** (−0.97 to −0.29) | 1.48 (0.71) | 2.15 (0.97) | −0.68*** (−0.96 to −0.41) | −0.71** (−1.10 to −0.32) |
| Pain interferes with normal work | 2.78 (1.11) | 2.45 (0.98) | 2.05 (0.88) | 2.38 (1.01) | −0.50** (−0.78 to −0.21) | −0.67** (−1.02 to −0.33) | 1.61 (0.75) | 2.23 (0.88) | −0.70*** (−0.98 to −0.42) | −0.96*** (−1.35 to −0.57) |
| Satisfaction of life with symptoms | 1.39 (0.68) | 1.57 (0.66) | 2.38 (1.27) | 1.97 (1.04) | 0.46* (0.05 to 0.86) | 0.58** (0.15 to 1.02) | 3.63 (1.16) | 2.95 (1.24) | 0.69** (0.27 to 1.11) | 0.85** (0.38 to 1.32) |
| Days cut down on doing things | 5.0 (10.5) | 3.4 (8.6) | 1.6 (4.7) | 4.0 (9.8) | −3.16** (−5.38 to −0.93) | −3.99** (−6.83 to −1.15) | 0.4 (2.6) | 2.6 (8.0) | −2.48* (−4.5 to −0.50) | −3.70* (−6.98 to −0.42) |
| Days off from work/school | 4.2 (9.5) | 3.3 (8.6) | 1.5 (5.4) | 3.5 (9.3) | −2.45* (−4.59 to −0.31) | −2.87* (−5.51 to −0.23) | 0.6 (3.8) | 2.5 (8.0) | −2.15* (−4.22 to −0.09) | −2.79 (−5.94 to −0.35) |
| Satisfaction with previous treatment | 2.06 (1.39) | 2.13 (1.68) | 4.12 (1.22) | 3.06 (1.38) | 1.25*** (0.82 to 1.68) | 1.68*** (1.17 to 2.20) | 4.39 (0.75) | 3.15 (1.14) | 1.39*** (1.02 to 1.76) | 1.83*** (1.37 to 2.29) |
| Pain visual scale (0 to 100) | 58.8 (17.88) | 57 (17.83) | 30.6 (21.75) | 48.0 (23.4) | −18.38*** (−25.60 to −11.17) | −19.27*** (−27.04 to −11.5) | 16.1 (17.4) | 41.4 (24.6) | −25.92*** (−33.06 to −18.77) | −27.12*** (−35.3 to −18.94) |
| Sleeping with low back pain | 2.17 (0.86) | 2.03 (0.97) | 1.44 (0.59) | 1.85 (0.85) | −0.46*** (−0.69 to −0.24) | −0.55** (−0.84 to −0.26) | 1.16 (0.44) | 1.72 (0.84) | −0.61*** (−0.82 to −0.39) | −0.71*** (−1.02 to −0.39) |
†
Absolute difference (95% confidence interval) between groups by analysis of covariance.
‡
Difference (95% confidence interval) in mean change in core outcome measures from baseline.
*
P<0.05.
**
P<0.01.
***
P<0.0001.