Fig. 1.

EPEC-induced relocation of microvillus material. Caco-2 cells were left uninfected or apically infected with EPEC for 2 h before fixing and staining DNA [blue, bacteria (arrows) and host nuclei], polymerized actin (red), and AP (A) or SGLT-1 (B; green, arrowheads) revealing the relocation of both AP and SGLT-1 from the actin-rich apical surface to a position above the adherent bacteria. Images are composites of sequential sections taken at 2-μm intervals, with Inset (A) showing a magnified view of the boxed region. Note the large intracellular pool of SGLT-1 that constitutes up to two-thirds of the cellular total (35) and the altered distribution after EPEC infection.