Table 2.
Patients’ clinical status and social functioning and relatives’ burden, coping strategies, social network and perceived help at baseline vs. 1-year follow up
| Baseline (mean ± SD) | Follow-up (mean ± SD) | p< | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | |||
| BPRS positive symptoms | 2.2 ± 1.0 | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 0.0001 |
| BPRS negative symptoms | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 0.01 |
| BPRS depression/anxiety symptoms | 2.6 ± 1.1 | 2.1 ± 0.9 | 0.001 |
| BPRS manic/hostility symptoms | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 0.01 |
| DAS global score | 2.6 ± 1.1 | 2.1 ± 1.1 | 0.0001 |
| Relatives | |||
| Burden | |||
| Objective dimension | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.0001 |
| Subjective dimension | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 0.0001 |
| Coping strategies | |||
| Coercion | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 0.01 |
| Patient’s social involvement | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | N.S. |
| Collusion | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.01 |
| Positive communication | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 0.0001 |
| Avoidance | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.01 |
| Information | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | N.S. |
| Maintenance of social interests | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 0.0001 |
| Talking with friends | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | N.S. |
| Resignation | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 0.0001 |
| Spiritual help | 2.8 ± 1.3 | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 0.01 |
| Use of alcohol | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | N.S. |
| Social network | |||
| Emotional support | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | N.S. |
| Practical support | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 0.01 |
| Social contact | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 0.0001 |
| Help received | |||
| Professional help | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 0.0001 |
| Understanding by friends | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | N.S. |
BPRS - Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; DAS - Disability Assessment Schedule