FIG. 9.

Reduced numbers of T lymphocytes in the lungs are not accounted for by enhanced apoptosis or suppression of proliferation. Mice were infected orally with T. spiralis and 7 days later with influenza A virus as described. Single-cell suspensions from the MdLN were analyzed by flow cytometry and apoptotic cells defined as annexin⁺ and To-pro-3⁻. The proportions of apoptotic CD4⁺ (A) and CD8⁺ (B) lymphocytes were determined. Cellular proliferation was assessed by incorporation of BrdU and flow cytometry (C). No significant differences were observed between singly infected (filled bars) or coinfected (open bars) animals in any case.