Skip to main content
PMC home page
Gut logoLink to Gut
. 1980 Dec;21(12):1087–1089. doi: 10.1136/gut.21.12.1087

Effects of fasting on the composition of gallbladder bile.

H M Bloch, J R Thornton, K W Heaton
PMCID: PMC1419405  PMID: 7461468

Abstract

Gallbladder bile was aspirated from the duodenum in nine healthy women after three separate periods of fasting after a standardised meal. Mean cholesterol saturation index was significantly greater after a 15 hour fast (1.35 +/- 0.08) than after a 10 hour fast (1.05 +/- 0.10). However, after 20 hours of fasting, mean cholesterol saturation index had fallen to 1.13 +/- 0.10. Total biliary lipid concentration was unaffected. These findings suggest that fasting has a series of effects on gallbladder bile and that bile sampling should be carried out at at standardised period of time after the last meal.

Full text

PDF
1088

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Admirand W. H., Small D. M. The physicochemical basis of cholesterol gallstone formation in man. J Clin Invest. 1968 May;47(5):1043–1052. doi: 10.1172/JCI105794. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bolton C. H., Nicholls J. S., Heaton K. W. Estimation of cholesterol in bile: assessment of an enzymatic method. Clin Chim Acta. 1980 Aug 4;105(2):225–230. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(80)90464-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Carey M. C., Small D. M. The physical chemistry of cholesterol solubility in bile. Relationship to gallstone formation and dissolution in man. J Clin Invest. 1978 Apr;61(4):998–1026. doi: 10.1172/JCI109025. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dowling R. H., Mack E., Small D. M. Biliary lipid secretion and bile composition after acute and chronic interruption of the enterohepatic circulation in the Rhesus monkey. IV. Primate biliary physiology. J Clin Invest. 1971 Sep;50(9):1917–1926. doi: 10.1172/JCI106684. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Duane W. C., Ginsberg R. L., Bennion L. J. Effects of fasting on bile acid metabolism and biliary lipid composition in man. J Lipid Res. 1976 May;17(3):211–219. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dugan R. E., Slakey L. L., Briedis A. V., Porter J. W. Factors affecting the diurnal variation in the level of -hydroxy- -methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and cholesterol-synthesizing activity in rat liver. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1972 Sep;152(1):21–27. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90188-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Edwards P. A., Muroya H., Gould R. G. In vivo demonstration of the circadian thythm of cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver and intestine of the rat. J Lipid Res. 1972 May;13(3):396–401. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gregory K. W., Smith C. Z., Booth R. Diurnal variations in rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase activity in relation to feeding. Biochem J. 1972 Dec;130(4):1163–1165. doi: 10.1042/bj1301163. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hegardt F. G., Dam H. The solubility of cholesterol in aqueous solutions of bile salts and lecithin. Z Ernahrungswiss. 1971 Apr;10(3):223–233. doi: 10.1007/BF02020933. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. IWATA T., YAMASAKI K. ENZYMATIC DETERMINATION AND THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF BILE ACIDS IN BLOOD. J Biochem. 1964 Nov;56:424–431. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a128013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. King E. J. The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. Biochem J. 1932;26(2):292–297. doi: 10.1042/bj0260292. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Low-Beer T. S., Wicks A. C., Heaton K. W., Durrington P., Yeates J. Fluctuations of serum and bile lipid concentrations during the menstrual cycle. Br Med J. 1977 Jun 18;1(6076):1568–1570. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6076.1568. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Metzger A. L., Adler R., Heymsfield S., Grundy S. M. Diurnal variation in biliary lipid composition. Possible role in cholesterol gallstone formation. N Engl J Med. 1973 Feb 15;288(7):333–336. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197302152880702. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Northfield T. C., Hofmann A. F. Biliary lipid secretion in gallstone patients. Lancet. 1973 Apr 7;1(7806):747–748. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)92130-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Shaffer E. A., Braasch J. W., Small D. M. Bile composition at and after surgery in normal persons and patients with gallstones. Influence of cholecystectomy. N Engl J Med. 1972 Dec 28;287(26):1317–1322. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197212282872603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Thomas P. J., Hofmann A. F. Letter: A simple calculation of the lithogenic index of bile: expressing biliary lipid composition on rectangular coordinates. Gastroenterology. 1973 Oct;65(4):698–700. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Vlahcevic Z. R., Bell C. C., Jr, Juttijudata P., Swell L. Bile-rich duodenal fluid as an indicator of biliary lipid composition and its applicability to detection of lithogenic bile. Am J Dig Dis. 1971 Sep;16(9):797–802. doi: 10.1007/BF02239307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Wicks A. C., Yeates J., Heaton K. W. Bran and bile: time-course of changes in normal young men given a standard dose. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1978;13(3):289–292. doi: 10.3109/00365527809179822. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Williams C. N., Morse J. W., MacDonald I. A., Kotoor R., Riding M. D. Increased lithogenicity of bile on fasting in normal subjects. Am J Dig Dis. 1977 Mar;22(3):189–194. doi: 10.1007/BF01072275. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. van Berge Henegouwen G. P., Hofmann A. F. Nocturnal gallbladder storage and emptying in gallstone patients and healthy subjects. Gastroenterology. 1978 Nov;75(5):879–885. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Gut are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES