Figure 1. Hemokinetics of rat model of hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation. Both femoral arteries were cannulated with PE-50 catheters. The arterial pressure was continuously monitored with one of the catheters and a Grass recorder. Blood was withdrawn or instilled through another catheter to maintain a constant level of hemorrhagic shock (at 45 ± 3 mmHg) within 30 minutes. After 120 minutes of hemorrhagic hypotension, the shed blood and 1% body weight lactated Ringer’s solution were reinfused during a 20-minute period to restore blood pressure.