Figure 3. Effect of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) on 3TP-Lux expression. MiaPaCa-2, PANC-1, BxPC-3, and L17 cells were transiently transfected with 3TP-Lux and treated with 100 pmol/L TGFβ for 24 hours. Luciferase activity was measured and normalized with β-gal activity. White bars, negative TGFβ; black bars, positive TGFβ. In one condition, L17 cells were transfected with the type I TGFβ receptor ALK5 to restore the TGFβ signaling pathway. The data are normalized with the level of expression in the absence of ligand set to one. Values were determined in triplicate and represent the means ± standard error for three or four experiments. *P < .05 vs. control (no TGFβ).