Figure 1. Baseline (preoperative) IgG binding to bovine coagulation proteins. IgG binding to the topical thrombin preparation, bovine factor V, factor Va, prothrombin, and thrombin was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Each symbol represents the result for an individual patient. Patient results are separated according to the type of surgery performed (coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] or valve replacement surgery). The dashed horizontal lines represent two standard deviations above the means for the normal donor population. The solid horizontal lines represent the median values for the two patient groups being compared.