Abstract
1 Sixteen patients with essential hypertension were treated with guanfacine and with clonidine for 5 weeks each in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Dosage ranged from 2 to 6 mg guanfacine and from 0.3 to 0.9 mg clonidine daily in two or three divided doses.
2 Both compounds caused a significant and comparable decrease in blood pressure. Patients whose blood pressure was not reduced to normal by 2 to 3 mg guanfacine daily did not respond better to an increase in the dose.
3 Dryness of the mouth and constipation occurred with about equal frequency with both agents, but sedation and orthostatic circulatory effects were considerably more frequent with clonidine.
4 A withdrawal syndrome was observed on discontinuation of clonidine in one patient as opposed to no rebound hypertension on stopping guanfacine treatment.
5 Guanfacine caused a significant decrease in plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline, suggesting a decrease in sympatho-adrenal activity.
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Selected References
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