Table 3.
Transcripts with an increased expression
| Functional classesa | Gene function |
|---|---|
| Tumor-related transcripts | |
| Ferritin | Iron storage protein, often overexpressed in tumor cells |
| CD23A | Low affinity IgE receptor, highly expressed in B-CLL |
| Hnmp-1 (EMP-3) | May function in cell proliferation control |
| PTP4A | Potentially oncogenic phosphatase |
| rhoCb | Member of the Ras homology family |
| Methallothionein 2A | Metal-binding protein, role in proliferation and differentiation, often induced in lymphoma |
| Prame | Common tumor antigen |
| Neuron-specific enolase 2 | Known to be expressed in HRS cells |
| Cathepsin B | Protease, involved in tumor progression |
| Putative c-Myc responsive mRNA (RCL) | Role suggested in proliferation and c-myc–induced transformation |
| Overexpressed breast tumor protein L34839b | Protein-protein interaction |
| Serine protease inhibitor, Kunitz type 2 | Role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis suggested |
| Laminin receptor | Integrin, role in metastasis |
| L-mycb | Member of the myc protein family, oncogenic function |
| CDK inhibitor 2A | Tumor suppressor |
| FK506 binding protein 4 | Immunophilin, overexpressed in breast cancer |
| Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26) | Role in cell adhesion, induced by IL-13, overexpressed in cancer subtypes especially in CD30+ B-cell lymphoma |
| N-myristolyltransferase 1 | Overexpressed in cancer tissue |
| Nm23H1 | Kinase, overexpressed in many lymphoma subtypes |
| Transcription factors | |
| ATF-5 | Repressor of cAMP-induced expression by binding to CRE elements |
| Activated RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor 4 | Transcriptional coactivator, ubiquitously expressed |
| EBNA-2 coactivator (100kDa)b | Coactivates gene expression regulated by the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 |
| DSIPI | Delta sleep inducing peptide, leucine zipper protein |
| ATBF1 | Transcription factor with homeodomains and zinc-finger motifs, involved in neurogenesis |
| L-mycb | Member of the myc protein family |
| p21SNFT | Potential repressor of AP-1 function by dimerization with Jun proteins |
| Jun-B | Leucine zipper protein, acts as hetero- or homodimer |
| Kinases and phosphatases | |
| IRAK-1 | Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase, acts in IL-1, IL-18 and Toll-like receptor signaling |
| PTP4A | Potentially oncogenic phosphatase |
| Nm23H1 | Kinase, overexpressed in many lymphoma subtypes |
| CDK2 | Progression of G1/S phase |
| Receptors | |
| CD23A | Low affinity IgE receptor, highly expressed in B-CLL |
| Hnmp-1 (EMP-3) | May function in cell proliferation control |
| CCR7 | Chemokine receptor for ELC, DLC, Exodus2, or TCA4 |
| Signaling molecules | |
| TRAF19b | Overexpression leads to apoptosis |
| Quiescin | Induced by change from proliferation to quiescence |
| Guanine nucleotide binding protein γ 5 | Ubiquitously expressed gamma subunit of G protein |
| Dvl-1 | Mediates wnt signalling via beta catenin |
| FK506 binding protein 4 | Immunophilin, interacts with IRF-4 inhibiting its transcriptional activity |
| CDK inhibitor 2A | Tumor supressor |
| Rab13 | Member of the RAS oncogene family |
| Bax inhibitor 1 | Suppresses apoptosis induced by Bax |
| Adhesion | |
| Galectin 1 | Implication in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction |
| Laminin receptor | Integrin, role in metastasis |
| Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26) | Role in cell adhesion, induced by IL-13, overexpressed in cancer subtypes especially in CD30+ B-cell lymphoma |
| CD44 | Stimulation of CD44 augments the LFA-1–mediated adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells and induces expression of c-Met, known to be expressed in HRS cells |
| Chemokines, cytokines | |
| TARC | T-cell attractance |
| TNF member 2 | Tumor necrosis factor, induces apoptosis or proliferation dependent on the target cell |
| Interferon-induced transcripts | |
| Interferon-induced 15-kd protein | Function not known |
| Complement component C4A | Esterase in the complement cascade, upregulated by interferon gamma |
| Proteasome activator subunit 2, hPA28 | Positive effector of the 20S proteasome, Inducible by interferon-γ and other cytokines |
| Interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 1 | Involved in relaying antiproliferative signals |
| Interferon-induced transcription factor 3, γ | Activates transcription in response to interferon α |
| Transcripts previously known to be highly expressed in HRS cells | |
| Fascin | Dendritic cell marker |
| TARC | T-cell attractance |
| Topoisomerase II α | Expression associated with proliferation |
| TNF member 2 | Tumor necrosis factor, induces apoptosis or proliferation dependent on target cell |
| CD44 | Stimulation of CD44 augments the LFA-1–mediated adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells and induces expression of c-Met |
| Neuron-specific enolase 2 | Known to be expressed in HRS cells |
| Cathepsin B | Protease, involved in tumor progression |
a
Shown are only selected genes (46 of 92 genes) listed in functional classes with gene name and short functional description; some genes are listed in several classes.
b
These genes were represented by tags that matched more than 1 entry in Unigene. For some of these genes (rhoC, L-myc), the tag assignment was verified by the RT-PCR results (see Figure 2).