. 2006 Apr 8;332(7545):820–825. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38751.597963.AE

Table 2.

Associations between mild or moderate/severe amblyopia and educational attainment during childhood

Education tests (at age 11)	Normal vision (No)	Amblyopia		Adjusted difference (95% CI) in scores^*	P value
Education tests (at age 11)	Normal vision (No)	Degree	No	Adjusted difference (95% CI) in scores^*	P value
Maths^†	5894	Mild	194	0.02 (−0.10 to 0.15)	0.705
Maths^†	5894	Moderate/severe	79	−0.09 (−0.29 to 0.11)	0.366
Reading^†	5938	Mild	197	0.09 (−0.03 to 0.20)	0.151
Reading^†	5938	Moderate/severe	80	−0.14 (−0.14 to 0.24)	0.600
Copy-a-design^†	5622	Mild	186	0.14 (−0.02 to 0.29)	0.078
Copy-a-design^†	5622	Moderate/severe	76	−0.11 (−0.35 to 0.13)	0.370
Verbal score on general ability test	5526	Mild	184	−0.34 (−1.70 to 1.01)	0.619
Verbal score on general ability test	5526	Moderate/severe	73	−0.86 (−2.99 to 1.27)	0.427
Non-verbal score on general ability test	5525	Mild	184	−0.27 (−1.38 to 0.83)	0.630
Non-verbal score on general ability test	5525	Moderate/severe	73	−0.03 (−1.77 to 1.71)	0.970

Normal vision minus amblyopia, adjusted for social class, sex, age at testing, family size, ever having strabismus, treatment for amblyopia, and previous test scores where appropriate.

^†

Standardised education scores—that is, multiples of standard deviation.