Table 2.

Configural frequency analysis of gender differences in the sequence of onset of abuse and dependence diagnoses

Substance	Abuse onset			Total N	Omnibus row χ2	χ2 Difference in sequences
	Before dependence	Same year as dependence	After dependence
Gender differences
Alcohol
Malesa	410(151),78%b	72,14%c	43(10),8%c	525	475.76d	7.65d
Femalesa	168(93),76%b	21,9%c	31(7),14%c	220	183.99d
Cannabis
Malesa	198(119),61%b	72,22%c	52(20),16%c	322	116.75d	10.85d
Femalesa	89(55),59%b	21,14%c	42(22),28%	152	47.86d
Cocaine
Malesa	75(24),24%c	186,60%b	50(17),16%c	311	101.10d	2.29
Femalesa	53(16),28%	100,53%b	36(8),19%c	189	34.89d
Opiates
Malesa	53(26),35%	71,46%b	29(9),20%c	153	17.41d	1.61
Females	15(6),29%	23,44%	14(5),27%	52	2.81

Notes: Separate configural frequency analyses were conducted for each substance among persons with either or both abuse and dependence. Percentiles indicate the proportion of the total number of participants that experienced a disorder associated with the row substance in the column sequence. Some row percentiles may not sum to 100% because of rounding error. Parenthetical values indicate the ‘n’ experiencing either abuse only (in the “before dependence” column) or dependence only (in the “after dependence” column). “Total N” is slightly lower than number of persons meeting lifetime criteria for both abuse and dependence in Table 1 because of missing age of onset data.

^aFrequencies of the sequences differed significantly from random order.

^bSequence was common, compared to chance (Type).

^cSequence was rare, compared to chance (Antitype).

^dDifference in sequences of onset of disorders was significant(p< .025).