Table 2.
Substance | Abuse onset |
Total N | Omnibus row χ2 | χ2 Difference in sequences | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before dependence | Same year as dependence | After dependence | ||||
Gender differences | ||||||
Alcohol | ||||||
Malesa | 410(151),78%b | 72,14%c | 43(10),8%c | 525 | 475.76d | 7.65d |
Femalesa | 168(93),76%b | 21,9%c | 31(7),14%c | 220 | 183.99d | |
Cannabis | ||||||
Malesa | 198(119),61%b | 72,22%c | 52(20),16%c | 322 | 116.75d | 10.85d |
Femalesa | 89(55),59%b | 21,14%c | 42(22),28% | 152 | 47.86d | |
Cocaine | ||||||
Malesa | 75(24),24%c | 186,60%b | 50(17),16%c | 311 | 101.10d | 2.29 |
Femalesa | 53(16),28% | 100,53%b | 36(8),19%c | 189 | 34.89d | |
Opiates | ||||||
Malesa | 53(26),35% | 71,46%b | 29(9),20%c | 153 | 17.41d | 1.61 |
Females | 15(6),29% | 23,44% | 14(5),27% | 52 | 2.81 |
Notes: Separate configural frequency analyses were conducted for each substance among persons with either or both abuse and dependence. Percentiles indicate the proportion of the total number of participants that experienced a disorder associated with the row substance in the column sequence. Some row percentiles may not sum to 100% because of rounding error. Parenthetical values indicate the ‘n’ experiencing either abuse only (in the “before dependence” column) or dependence only (in the “after dependence” column). “Total N” is slightly lower than number of persons meeting lifetime criteria for both abuse and dependence in Table 1 because of missing age of onset data.
Frequencies of the sequences differed significantly from random order.
Sequence was common, compared to chance (Type).
Sequence was rare, compared to chance (Antitype).
Difference in sequences of onset of disorders was significant(p< .025).