C57BL/6 mice (15 per group) were left untreated or were treated every 5 days for 4 immunizations with empty vector, Tyrp1, Tyrp1ee, Tyrp1ng, Tyrp1ee/ng, exo-Tyrp1, or exo-Tyrp1ee starting 4 days after the challenge with 105 B16 melanoma cells. Tumor growth was monitored every 2 days. Tumor-free survival was significantly delayed in mice immunized with (A) Tyrp1ee/ng (P < 0.0001 versus Tyrp1 immunization) and (B) exo-Tyrp1ee (P < 0.001 versus empty vector and Tyrp1 immunization).