Table 1.
LTC population n = 250, as recorded at admission | Study Sample n = 140 residents | No Pain Complaint Group n = 50 | Non Specific Pain Complaint Group *** n = 35 | Extremity Pain Group**** n = 30 | Back Pain Group n = 19 | Neck and Head Pain Group n = 6 | |
Mean Age: | 83.25 | 83.7 | 83.8 | 84.5 | 83.2 | 83.7 | 80.5 |
Minimum | 47 | 51 | 51 | 69 | 65 | 70 | 53 |
Maximum | 104 | 101 | 98 | 101 | 95 | 98 | 94 |
Gender: | |||||||
Female | 62% | 69.3% | 60% | 75% | 75% | 72% | 83% |
Male | 38% | 30.7% | 40% | 25% | 25% | 28% | 17% |
Cognitive Status: | |||||||
Coherent | Unavailable* | 3.6% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 7% | 16.6% |
Mild Dementia | Unavailable* | 26.4% | 32% | 22.2% | 35.7% | 12% | 16.6% |
Moderate Dementia | 10% | 43.6% | 40% | 36.1% | 42.9% | 70% | 50% |
Severe Dementia (Alzheimer's) | 2% | 26.4% | 28% | 38.9% | 14.3% | 11% | 16.6% |
Ambulatory Status: | |||||||
Independent | 38% | 8.6% | 12% | 5.6% | 3.6% | 12% | 16.6% |
Requires Assistance | 39% | 31.4% | 34% | 22.2% | 32.1% | 47% | 16.6% |
Wheel chair | 23% | 59.3% | 54% | 69.4% | 64.3% | 40% | 66% |
Bedridden | 0% | 0.7% | 0% | 2.8% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
Analgesic Use | 39% | 57% | 8% | 77.8% | 89.3% | 82% | 100% |
Diagnosis of Depression | 13% | 16.4% | 14% | 25% | 17.9% | 5.9% | 60% |
Diagnosis of OA | 9% | 25% | 6% | 19.4% | 57.1% | 35.3% | 50% |
Diagnosis of Osteoporosis | 17% | 27.9% | 20% | 30.6% | 25% | 64.7%** (p = 0.001) | 0% |
# of co-morbidities: Mean ± SD | 4.5 ± 2 | 5 ± 3 | 4.5 ± 2 | 5 ± 2 | 5 ± 3 | 4.6 ± 2 | 4 ± 2 |
*Total LTC population data were abstracted from initial admitting diagnosis and reflects resident's diagnostic information prior to LTC admission. Data on levels of cognitive impairment were inconsistent and unavailable.
**Multivariate regression analysis. Significant association at the p = 0.001 level
*** Reported pain complaint which is nonspecific or undetermined (i.e. MSK (mechanical), malignancy or visceral)
**** Extremity Pain includes shoulder/arm and knee pain